[Born] 1851 [Died] 1931 Dutch microbiologist. Professor of botany at the Polytechnic University in Delft. Member of the Royal Academy of Sciences in Amsterdam (1884) and the Royal Society of London (1926). In 1898, he demonstrated through experiments that juice squeezed from tobacco with mosaic disease, when passed through a bacterial filter, could cause other tobacco plants to become infected with mosaic disease, and the filtered juice from these tobacco plants could then cause still other tobacco plants to become infected, repeating the infection by juice for many generations. This demonstrated the existence of a pathogen capable of self-replicating and passing through a bacterial filter. He considered this entity to be a living liquid, named it a filterable poison (virus), and laid the foundation for virology. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
[生]1851 [没]1931 オランダの微生物学者。デルフトの理工科大学の植物学の教授。アムステルダム王立科学アカデミー会員 (1884) ,ロンドン・ロイヤル・ソサエティ会員 (1926) 。 1898年に,モザイク病のタバコからしぼりとった液汁を細菌ろ過器にかけたものが,他のタバコをモザイク病にかからせ,さらにこのタバコからのろ過液汁が,また別のタバコを罹患させるというように液汁による感染を幾代にもわたって反復させうることを実験によって示した。これは自己増殖能をもち,細菌ろ過器を通過する病原体の存在を立証するものであり,彼はその実体を生命をもった液体と考え,ろ過性の毒 (ウイルス ) と命名し,ウイルス学の基礎をおいた。 出典 ブリタニカ国際大百科事典 小項目事典ブリタニカ国際大百科事典 小項目事典について 情報 |
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