The cloaca is the part at the end of the digestive tract that swells and where the reproductive ducts (oviduct, vas deferens) and ureter open. Vertebrates other than bony fish have a cloaca during the embryonic stage, and in amphibians, reptiles, and birds it remains the same even in adulthood, but in mammals a partition forms in the cloaca, separating the digestive tract (rectum) and the urogenital system, and each has a different opening to the outside of the body. Some invertebrates, such as rotifers, nematodes, and mollusks, have a part where the digestive tract and urogenital system are united, which is called the cloaca. [Sadao Yasugi] Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
消化管の末端が膨大し、生殖輸管(輸卵管、輸精管)や輸尿管が開口する部分をいう。硬骨魚類以外の脊椎(せきつい)動物は、胚(はい)期には総排出腔をもち、両生類、爬虫(はちゅう)類、鳥類では成体になってもそのままであるが、哺乳(ほにゅう)類では総排出腔に仕切りが生じ、消化管(直腸)と尿生殖系が分離して、体外への開口部もそれぞれ異なっている。無脊椎動物では、輪形動物、線虫類、軟体動物などのあるものに、消化管と尿生殖系が合している部分があり、総排出腔とよばれる。 [八杉貞雄] 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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