Toyoshima-shi

A samurai family from the Kamakura to Muromachi periods. As a branch of the Taira-Chichibu clan, their family name was in Toshima-gun, Musashi Province. Hiratsuka Castle (Kaminakazato, Kita-ku, Tokyo), close to the estimated location of the Toshima Gunga, is thought to be the site of their original castle. Toshima Kiyomitsu, whose real name was Kiyomoto, served Minamoto no Yoritomo along with the Taira-Chichibu clan, including the Edo clan. His son Aritsune and Tomotsune served as guardians of Kii and Tosa, respectively, and they played an active role as powerful vassals. In 1368 (Oan 1), they temporarily lost their power after participating in the Hei-Ikki Rebellion, and came to follow the Kanto Kanrei Uesugi clan. After that, they participated in the Kyotoku Rebellion and other battles on the side of the Uesugi clan, but in 1477 (Bunmei 9), during the Nagao Kageharu Rebellion, the head of the clan, Kageyusaemon-no-jo (Yasutsune), sided with Kageharu and defected from the Uesugi clan. The Toshima clan fought against Ota Dokan at Ekoda and Numabukuro (Nakano Ward) and Shakujii Castle (Nerima Ward), but were defeated, and also at Kozukue Castle (Yokohama City), and the main branch of the Toshima clan was destroyed.

[Kobayashi Kazutake]

"Mr. Toyoshima and His Times" edited by Sumio Minegishi, Kazutake Kobayashi, and Motoki Kuroda (1998, Shinjinbutsu Oraisha)

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

鎌倉から室町時代の武家。平姓秩父(ちちぶ)氏の一族として武蔵国豊島郡を名字(みょうじ)の地とする。豊島郡衙(ぐんが)の推定地に近い平塚城（東京都北区上中里(かみなかざと)）が初期の館跡と考えられている。鎌倉時代初期の豊島清光(きよみつ)は、清元(きよもと)が正しく、江戸氏など平姓秩父氏一族とともに源頼朝に従った。その子有経(ありつね)が紀伊、朝経(ともつね)が土佐の守護を務めるなど、有力御家人として活躍した。1368年（応安1）に平一揆(へいいっき)の乱に参加したために一時的に勢力を失い、関東管領(かんれい)上杉氏に従うようになる。以後、上杉方として享徳の乱等に参戦したが、1477年（文明9）の長尾景春(かげはる)の乱の際、当主勘解由左衛門尉(かげゆさえもんのじょう)（泰経(やすつね)）は景春に与同し上杉氏から離反した。豊島氏は江古田(えこだ)・沼袋(ぬまぶくろ)（中野区）や石神井(しゃくじい)城（練馬区）で太田道灌(どうかん)と戦うが敗北、小机(こづくえ)城（横浜市）でも敗れ、豊島氏本宗家は滅亡した。

［小林一岳］

『峰岸純夫・小林一岳・黒田基樹編『豊島氏とその時代』（1998・新人物往来社）』

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