American psychologist. Born in England. A student of W. Bunt. Invited to Cornell University in 1892, he taught psychology based on Bunt-style constructivism (usually translated as structuralism, but in the case of Bunt and Titchner, it was translated as constructivism) for 35 years. His representative work, Experimental Psychology (4 volumes, 1901-1905), was widely used and divided into a teacher's and a student's version. His psychology was a simpler version of Bunt's psychology, but like Bunt, he analyzed the contents of consciousness into elements using introspective experimental methods, did not deal with animals, children, or abnormal people, and was not interested in individual differences or applications, but instead pursued general laws for normal people. With the rise of functionalism and behaviorism, he remained isolated and had no successors. [Utsugi Tamotsu] [Reference items] | |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
アメリカの心理学者。イギリス生まれ。W・ブントの弟子。1892年アメリカのコーネル大学に招かれ、以来35年間にわたってブント流の構成主義structuralism(普通は構造主義と訳されるが、ブントおよびティチナーの場合は構成主義と訳される)の心理学を教えた。『実験心理学』4巻(1901~1905)は彼の代表的著作で、教師用と学生用とに分かれていて大いに利用された。彼の心理学はブントの心理学をより簡明にしたものであるが、内観的実験法により意識内容を要素に分析すること、動物や子供や異常者を扱わず、また個人差や応用の問題に関心を示さず、もっぱら正常者の一般法則を追究した点ではブントと同じである。機能主義、行動主義の台頭するなかで孤立したまま後継者を得なかった。 [宇津木保] [参照項目] | |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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