Tiselius (English spelling) Arne Wilhelm Kaurin Tiselius

Japanese: ティセリウス - てぃせりうす(英語表記)Arne Wilhelm Kaurin Tiselius
Tiselius (English spelling) Arne Wilhelm Kaurin Tiselius

Swedish biophysical chemist. Born on August 10th in Stockholm to a family of scholars. During his middle school days in Gothenburg, Tiselius's heart was already inclined towards science, and in 1921 he entered Uppsala University to study under the leading physical chemist Svedberg. In 1925, he joined Svedberg's laboratory, and under the guidance and understanding of his mentor, who was devoting all his energy to research on the sedimentation velocity of proteins using an ultracentrifuge, he devoted himself to research on protein electrophoresis, for which he received his doctorate in 1930. From 1934 to 1935, he stayed in the United States, and was influenced by such great biochemists as Stanley, Northrop, and Landsteiner. Upon returning to Uppsala, he devoted himself to the construction of a precise electrophoretic apparatus for separating proteins, and finally completed the famous "Tiselius apparatus" in 1937, succeeding in separating serum proteins into four types. From the 1940s onwards, he worked on improving chromatography, a method of separating various proteins and polymers by utilizing the differences in their adsorption power within zeolite (a type of clay), paper, gels and other materials, and brought about groundbreaking advances in the separation of biological materials. For these achievements, he was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1948. Although blessed with good health, his heart weakened in his later years. Despite his doctor's advice, he attended a meeting, suffered a seizure, collapsed and died the following morning. This happened on October 29th, 1971.

[Tsurutaro Nakagawa]

[References] | Plasma proteins | Stanley | Svedberg | Northrop | Landsteiner

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

スウェーデンの生物物理化学者。8月10日、ストックホルムの学者の家系に生まれる。イョーテボリの中学時代にティセリウスの心はすでに科学に傾き、当時一流の物理化学者スベドベリーのもとで学ぼうと1921年ウプサラ大学に入学した。そして1925年、念願のスベドベリーの研究室に入り、当時超遠心機によるタンパクの沈降速度の研究に全精力を傾けていた師の指導と理解のもとでタンパクの電気泳動の研究に専心、これにより1930年学位を得た。1934年から1935年にかけアメリカに滞在、スタンリー、ノースロップ、ランドシュタイナーら偉大な生物化学者の影響を受けてウプサラに帰りタンパクを分離する精密な電気泳動装置の製作に専心、ついに1937年、有名な「ティセリウスの装置」を完成し、血清タンパクを4種に分離することに成功した。1940年代からは、ゼオライト(粘土の一種)、紙、ゲルなどのなかでの各種タンパク、高分子の吸着力の差を利用してこれらを分離する方法、いわゆるクロマトグラフィーの改良に従事、生体物質の分離法に画期的な進歩をもたらした。これらの業績に対して1948年ノーベル化学賞が授与された。健康に恵まれた彼も晩年心臓を弱らせた。医師の忠告にもかかわらずある集会に出席、発作に襲われて倒れ、翌朝死去した。1971年10月29日のことであった。

[中川鶴太郎]

[参照項目] | 血漿タンパク質 | スタンリー | スベドベリー | ノースロップ | ランドシュタイナー

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