Tsukiji Honganji Temple

Japanese: 築地本願寺 - つきじほんがんじ
Tsukiji Honganji Temple

This temple is located in Tsukiji, Chuo Ward, Tokyo. It is a branch temple of the Jodo Shinshu Honganji sect, and Tsukiji Honganji is its common name. It is also called Tsukiji Monzeki. It began when the 12th head priest of Honganji, Junnyo, built a temple in Asakusa Yokoyamacho (now Nihonbashi Yokoyamacho) in 1617 (Genwa 3). It was called Edo Asakusa Mido, and later Hamamachi Gobo, and was in charge of followers in 13 provinces, including the eight provinces of Kanto, Suruga (Shizuoka Prefecture), Kai (Yamanashi Prefecture), Izu (Shizuoka Prefecture), Mutsu (Aomori and Iwate Prefectures), and Dewa (Yamagata and Akita Prefectures). In January of 1657 (Meireki 3), it was damaged by the Great Fire of Meireki, and moved to its current location. Originally a bay shoreline, it was reclaimed by followers from within the prefecture, mainly from Tsukudajima, and hence came to be called Tsukiji. The main hall, shoin (study room), Taishido (a hall for the Emperor), and 58 sub-temples were constructed, and together with Toeizan Kan'ei-ji, Sanrokuzan Zojo-ji, and Asakusa Hongan-ji (Otani-ha Shinshu, Tokyo branch temple), the temple was known as Ryozan Ryo-ji and was favored by the shogunate. It subsequently suffered fires and wind damage on nearly 10 occasions, but was rebuilt each time. In 1934 (Showa 9), after the Great Kanto Earthquake, the main hall was completed in a reinforced concrete structure incorporating ancient Indian architectural styles. Within the temple grounds are the grave of the painter-monk Sakai Hoitsu and a monument bearing a poem by Kujo Takeko.

[Shoji Mori April 18, 2017]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

東京都中央区築地にある寺。浄土真宗本願寺派の築地別院で、築地本願寺は通称。また築地門跡(もんぜき)ともいう。本願寺第12世准如(じゅんにょ)が1617年(元和3)浅草横山町(いまの日本橋横山町)に坊舎を建立したのに始まる。江戸浅草御堂、のちに浜町御坊とよんで、関(かん)八州ならびに駿河(するが)(静岡県)、甲斐(かい)(山梨県)、伊豆(いず)(静岡県)、陸奥(むつ)(青森・岩手県)、出羽(でわ)(山形・秋田県)の13州の門徒を管掌した。1657年(明暦3)正月、明暦(めいれき)の大火によって罹災(りさい)、現在地に移った。もともと海湾の州渚(しゅうしょ)であったのを佃島(つくだじま)の門徒を中心とする府内の門徒によって埋め立てられたので、築地とよばれることになったという。本堂、書院、太子堂などや子院58坊が造営され、東叡山寛永寺(とうえいざんかんえいじ)、三緑山(さんろくざん)増上寺、浅草本願寺(真宗大谷派、東京別院)とをあわせて両山両寺と称せられ、幕府の優待するところとなった。その後10度にも及ばんとする火災・風災にみまわれたが、そのつど復興された。関東大震災後の1934年(昭和9)には古代インド建築様式を取り入れた鉄筋コンクリート造の本堂を完成させた。境内には画僧酒井抱一(ほういつ)の墓や九条武子(たけこ)歌碑などがある。

[森 章司 2017年4月18日]

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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