Shahr

Japanese: shahr
Shahr


[The formation of Islamic cities]
Medieval Arab geographers defined a regional center as a qaṣaba and other small or medium-sized cities as madīna. In general, however, a city that is the economic and cultural center of a village, regardless of its size, is called madina or misr in the Arab world, and shahr in Iran and Turkey. Some Islamic cities, such as Damascus and Alexandria, were directly inherited from ancient Oriental cities, while others, such as Basra and Kufa in Iraq and Fustat in Egypt, were built as military towns (misr) during the great conquests.

*Some of the terminology explanations that mention "shahr" are listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:


[イスラム都市の形成]
 中世アラブの地理学者は,一地方の中心都市をカサバqaṣaba,それ以外の中小都市をマディーナmad‐īnaと定義する。しかし一般には規模の大小にかかわりなく,むらに対して経済・文化のかなめとなる都市を,アラブ世界ではマディーナあるいはミスルmiṣrといい,イランやトルコではシャフルshahrと呼ぶ。イスラム時代の都市には,ダマスクスやアレクサンドリアのように古代オリエントの都市をそのまま継承したものもあれば,イラクのバスラやクーファ,あるいはエジプトのフスタートのように大征服の過程で軍営都市(ミスル)として建設されたものもあった。…

※「shahr」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報

<<:  shahnāi (English spelling) shahnai

>>:  Shahrāzād (English spelling) Shahrazad

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