There are various criteria for distinguishing between direct and indirect taxes, but the most common is whether or not there is pass-through (see the section on tax theory). A direct tax is a tax that is ultimately borne by the legal taxpayer, while an indirect tax is a tax that is paid directly by a specific legal taxpayer for convenience, but ultimately the burden is passed on to other entities in society, and it can be assumed that these entities are the true taxpayers. The main direct taxes are national income tax, corporate tax, and inheritance tax, and local resident tax, property tax, and business tax. Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information |
直接税と間接税を区別する基準はいろいろあるが,転嫁(〈租税理論〉の項参照)の有無を用いるのが一般的である。直接税は,法律上の納税者が究極的にもその税を負担すると考えられる税であり,間接税は,納税上の便宜性のゆえに,ある特定の法律上の納税者に直接的には税を支払わせるが,究極的には社会の他の主体に負担が転嫁されて,それらの主体が真の納税者であると想定できる税である。おもな直接税としては,国税に所得税,法人税,相続税があり,地方税に住民税,固定資産税,事業税などがある。
出典 株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について 情報 |
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