Choya Shimbun - Choya Shimbun

A Tokyo daily newspaper launched on September 24, 1874 (Meiji 7) under a new title, formerly known as "Kumon Tsushi" (first published in 1872). It was presided over by Narushima Ryuhoku, a leading literary figure of the time, and was the first to have an editorial column. The newspaper gained popularity thanks to Ryuhoku's witty writings that satirized the political world and society, and his miscellaneous writings are especially famous. On June 28, 1875, the Law on Slander and the Newspaper Ordinance were promulgated, and restrictions on journalists became stricter. At that time, the newspaper published "Fu to Hekieki" (Fu to Disgust), a parody of Su Shi's (Dongpo) "Fu to Red Cliffs" (Fu to the Red Cliffs), on August 17, which won acclaim from the public. In October, Suehiro Teccho joined the company and was in charge of editorials. From then on, the newspaper gained popularity with its mix of hard and soft writings, and boasted the largest circulation of any political newspaper. However, on May 15, 1978, the newspaper's reporting on the assassination of Okubo Toshimichi and the publication of a letter of execution drew the attention of the authorities, and it became the first daily newspaper to be suspended from publication. After that, the newspaper continued to take a stand as a civil rights newspaper, criticizing the opening of the National Diet, the establishment of the Constitution, and the government's crackdown on freedom of speech. After Narushima's death in November 1984, Inukai Tsuyoshi, Ozaki Yukio, Machida Chuji and others joined the company, and the newspaper became affiliated with the Progressive Party. Suehiro also left the company in 1989, and the newspaper went into a steady decline. After that, Watanabe Osamu and Hatano Shogoro became president, Inukai and others left the company, and the paper took on the color of an organ newspaper of the Taiseikai and the National Association, but due to constant internal conflicts, it ceased publication in December 1893. A newspaper of the same name has been published since then.

[Akihiko Sunohara]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

1874年（明治7）9月24日『公文通誌』（1872創刊）を改題して発行された東京の日刊紙。当代一流の文人成島柳北(なるしまりゅうほく)が主宰し、初めて論説欄を設けた。この新聞が人気を集めたのは、政界や社会を風刺した柳北の洒脱(しゃだつ)な文章で、とくにその雑録は有名である。75年6月28日、讒謗律(ざんぼうりつ)、新聞紙条例が布告され、記者に対する取締りが厳しくなったとき、蘇軾(そしょく)（東坡(とうば)）の「赤壁賦(せきへきのふ)」をもじって掲載（8月17日）した「辟易(へきえき)賦」は世人の喝采(かっさい)を博した。10月、末広鉄腸(てっちょう)が入社、論説を担当、以後硬軟取り混ぜた両者の筆によって人気をよび、政論新聞中随一の発行部数を誇った。しかし78年5月15日、大久保利通(としみち)暗殺の報道と斬奸(ざんかん)状掲載が当局ににらまれ、日刊紙初の発行停止処分を受けた。その後も国会開設、憲法制定、政府の言論取締り批判など民権派新聞として論陣を張った。84年11月成島が死ぬと、犬養毅(いぬかいつよし)、尾崎行雄、町田忠治らが入社、改進党系の新聞になり、89年末広も退社、衰退の一途をたどる。その後、渡辺治(おさむ)、波多野承五郎が社長となり、犬養らも退社、大成会、国民協会の機関紙の色彩を呈したが、内紛絶えず、93年12月廃刊する。同名の新聞がその後も出ている。

［春原昭彦］

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