A rock that contains more than 70% mafic minerals (rich in iron and magnesium). It is also called ultramafic rock. It is often used synonymously with ultramafic rock. However, there are exceptions, such as pyroxenite and many eclogites, which are ultramafic but have more than 45% SiO2 by weight and are not ultramafic. The main types are peridotite, pyroxenite, cortlandite, eclogite, kimberlite, and komatiite, and peridotite and pyroxenite are classified according to the ratio of olivine to orthopyroxene to clinopyroxene, as shown in the figure. Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information |
マフィック(鉄,マグネシウム(苦)に富む)鉱物を約70%以上含む岩石。超苦鉄質岩ともいう。しばしば超塩基性岩と同義語に用いられる。しかし例外もあり,パイロクシナイトや多くのエクロジャイトなどは超マフィックであるが,SiO2が45重量%以上で超塩基性ではない。おもなものは,カンラン岩,パイロクシナイト,コートランダイト,エクロジャイト,キンバーライト,コマチアイトなどで,カンラン岩とパイロクシナイトは,カンラン石と斜方輝石と単斜輝石の量比により,図のように分類されている。
出典 株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について 情報 |
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