Chang Po‐go (English spelling)

Japanese: 張保皋 - ちょうほこう（英語表記）Chang Po‐go

?‐841
A maritime merchant and local general in Korea and Silla. His original name was Gongbok and he had no surname, but his Chinese name was Jang Bogao, and in Japan he is known as Jang Baogao. Born an islander, he traveled to China and became a military commander in Xuzhou. After returning to Korea, he established his base in the coastal and islands of Jeolla Province, and made a fortune trading with China, China, and Japan, and supported his private army. With this wealth and military power, he was granted the title of Cheonghaejin Ambassador by King Heungdeok in 828. He gained maritime rights in the Yellow Sea and East China Sea, and also established influence in Sillabang, a settlement of Silla people in Tang China. Cheonghaejin took on the character of a local independent government.

Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information

Japanese:

？‐841
朝鮮，新羅の海商，地方将軍。もと名を弓福といい姓はなかったが，中国名を張保皋とし，日本には張宝高と伝わる。生れは〈海島人〉で，唐に渡り徐州の軍将となったのち，帰国して全羅道の海岸･島嶼（とうしよ）部を根拠地とし，新羅国内および唐，日本との国際交易をおこなって巨富を築き，私兵を養った。この財力と兵力とを背景に，828年興徳王により〈清海鎮大使〉の称号を認められ，黄海，東シナ海方面の海上権をにぎって在唐新羅人居留地である新羅坊にも勢力をつちかい，清海鎮は地方独立政権ともいうべき性格をおびた。

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