Changkufeng Incident

A clash between Japanese and Soviet troops occurred on the eastern Soviet-Manchuria border in 1938 (Showa 13). The ownership of the small hill area of ​​Changkufeng, where the Soviet Union, Manchukuo, and Korea border, had long been a concern between Japan and the Soviet Union, but when the Soviet army began construction of a fort on the mountaintop in July of that year, the General Staff planned to use force to carry out a reconnaissance mission against the Soviet army. However, there was strong opposition within the cabinet and at the Imperial Court, and the Emperor did not approve the emergency mobilization order submitted by Army Minister Itagaki Seishiro on July 20. However, the 19th Division, which had gathered at the border, ignored the Imperial Headquarters and the Korean army's orders and attacked the Soviet army on its own initiative on the 30th, suffering heavy losses in a counterattack by the Soviet army with overwhelming firepower and mobility. Negotiations between Japan and the Soviet Union resumed on August 4 in Moscow, and the incident was resolved with the signing of a ceasefire agreement on the 11th.

[Takashi Suzuki]

"The Sino-Japanese Total War" by Akira Fujiwara (Showa History 5, 1982, Shogakukan)

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

1938年（昭和13）ソ満東部国境で起こった日ソ両軍の衝突事件。ソ連と「満州国」、朝鮮が国境を接する張鼓峰の小丘陵地帯の帰属は、かねて日ソ間の懸案であったが、同年7月ソ連軍が山頂に陣地工事を始めると、参謀本部はソ連軍に対する威力偵察の目的で武力発動を策した。しかし閣内や宮廷グループに反対が強く、7月20日板垣征四郎(せいしろう)陸相の応急動員下令の上奏に天皇は裁可を与えなかった。しかし国境に集結していた第19師団は大本営、朝鮮軍の制止を無視し、30日独断でソ連軍を攻撃、圧倒的な火力、機動力によるソ連軍の反撃を受けて多大の損害を出した。8月4日モスクワで日ソ間の交渉が再開され、11日停戦協定の調印により事件は落着した。

［鈴木隆史］

『藤原彰著『日中全面戦争』（『昭和の歴史5』1982・小学館）』

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