Fès (English spelling)

Japanese: フェス（英語表記）Fès

The capital of Fes Province in north-central Morocco. It is located at the foot of the Central Atlas Mountains, facing the Fes River, a tributary of the Seb River, and is surrounded by gentle hills covered with olive orchards. It is a key transportation point between the east and west of the Tell region, including Algeria. The city was built on the right bank of the Fes River by Idris I in 790 and on the left bank by Idris II in 808. In the 11th century, the two were merged under the Almoravid dynasty, and it became one of the leading cities in the Islamic world. It reached its peak in the mid-14th century under the Marinid dynasty, with a population of 200,000. The city consists of three parts. The old town was registered as a World Heritage Site in 1981. Its center is the Qarawiyine Mosque, built around 857, which can accommodate 22,000 worshippers. It is also home to the University of Qarawiyine (859), making it a major center of Islamic culture. The new town, built in the 13th century, features a beautiful Great Mosque with its multi-colored minarets, the Royal Palace, and the Jewish quarter. The modern city, built during the 20th century French colonial period, occupies the plateau to the southwest. Agricultural and livestock products are distributed and processed here. Handicraft industries such as carpets, Moroccan leather processing, pottery, tiles, and Turkish hats are thriving. Population: 448,823 (1982).

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

モロッコ中北部，フェス州の州都。中央アトラス山脈北麓，セブ川の支流フェス川に臨み，オリーブなどの果樹園の広がるなだらかな丘に囲まれる。アルジェリアなどのテル地方の東西交通の要衝にあたる。 790年イドリース1世によってフェス川の右岸に，808年イドリース2世によって左岸に町が建設され，11世紀にムラービト朝のもとで双方が合併し，イスラム世界有数の都市となり，マリーン朝治下の 14世紀中頃に最盛期を迎え，人口 20万といわれた。町は三つの部分からなる。旧市街は 1981年世界遺産の文化遺産に登録。その中心は 857年頃に建てられたカラウィーン・モスクで，2万 2000人の参詣人を収容できる。カラウィーン大学 (859) もありイスラム文化の一大中心。 13世紀に建てられた新市街には，多彩色の尖塔をもつ美しい大モスク，王宮，ユダヤ人居住区がある。 20世紀のフランス植民地時代の近代的市街が南西の台地を占める。農畜産物を集散，加工する。絨毯，モロッコ皮加工，陶器，タイル，トルコ帽などの手工業が盛ん。人口 44万 8823 (1982) 。

出典　ブリタニカ国際大百科事典小項目事典ブリタニカ国際大百科事典小項目事典について　情報

<<: Fesca - Fesca (English spelling) Max Fesca

>>: Fading - Fading (English spelling)