Ise

Japanese: 伊勢 - いせ

Year of death: Around Tenkei 2 (939)
Year of birth: Unknown. A poet of the Heian period. One of the Thirty-six Immortal Poets. Also known as Ise no Miya or Ise no Miyasudokoro. Her father was Fujiwara no Tsugukage, who held the posts of Ise no Kami and Yamatono Kami. She served as a lady-in-waiting to Emperor Uda's consort Atsushi, and was called Ise after her father's province of assignment. After a breakup with Atsushi's older brother Fujiwara no Nakahira, she went to Yamato where her father lived for a time, then returned to the service, and after having relationships with Nakahira's older brother Tokihira and others, she became the favorite of Emperor Uda and gave birth to a prince, but the prince died at a young age. After Atsushi's death, she became the lover of Emperor Uda's son, Prince Atsuyoshi, and gave birth to Nakatsukasa, who is known as a poet. Prior to the compilation of the Kokinshu, Emperor Daigo asked her to submit a collection of her poems, and she submitted 22 poems, the highest number for a woman, including "Spring mist rises, the wild geese abandoning it, the flowerless villages they live in." As many as 70 poems were included in the next collection, "Gosenshu," and she was active throughout the reigns of the Uda, Daigo, and Suzaku emperors as one of the representative poets of the poetry style of the time. Many of her excellent poems were created during her glamorous romantic adventures, but she also composed many poems for folding screens and poetry contests as a professional poet who composed poems on request, such as submitting poems for the Chohenka folding screen at the command of Emperor Uda. The first 30 poems of her family anthology, "Iseshu," are accompanied by narrative notes, and this section in particular is known as the "Ise Diary," and its connection to song stories and women's diary literature has attracted attention. As a pioneer of women's literature in the Heian period, which would soon reach its peak, she had an enormous influence on works such as "The Tale of Genji," and in the Middle Ages she was also considered the author of "The Tale of Ise." <References> Katagiri Yoichi, "Japanese Writers 7/Ise," and Akiyama Ken, "Poets of the Court 5/Ise."

(Yamamoto Norio)

Source: Asahi Japanese Historical Biography: Asahi Shimbun Publications Inc. About Asahi Japanese Historical Biography

Japanese:

没年：天慶2頃(939)
生年：生年不詳
平安時代の歌人。三十六歌仙のひとり。伊勢御,伊勢御息所とも呼ばれる。父は伊勢守,大和守などを歴任した藤原継蔭。宇多天皇の女御温子の女房として出仕,父の任国によって伊勢と呼ばれた。温子の兄である藤原仲平との恋の破局から一時父のいる大和に下ったあと,再び出仕,仲平の兄時平などとの恋愛ののち,宇多天皇の寵を受け皇子を生んだが,その皇子は幼くして没した。温子の没後,宇多天皇の皇子敦慶親王の愛人となり,歌人として知られる中務を生んだ。『古今集』編集に先立ち醍醐天皇から家集の提出を求められ,「春霞立つを見捨ててゆく雁は花なき里に住みやならへる」など,女性では最高の22首が入集。次の『後撰集』には70首もの作が採られるなど,宇多・醍醐・朱雀朝にわたって当時の歌風を代表する歌人のひとりとして活躍。華やかな恋愛遍歴の中で生み出された秀歌も多いが,宇多天皇の命により長恨歌屏風の歌を詠進するなど,依頼されて詠作する専門歌人として,屏風歌や歌合にも多くの歌を詠んでいる。家集『伊勢集』は冒頭約30首に物語的な詞書を伴っており,その部分は特に『伊勢日記』とも呼ばれて,歌物語や女流日記文学とのかかわりが注目されている。やがて最盛期を迎える平安女流文学の先駆者として,『源氏物語』などに与えた影響はきわめて大きく,中世には『伊勢物語』の作者にも擬せられていた。<参考文献>片桐洋一『日本の作家7/伊勢』,秋山虔『王朝の歌人5/伊勢』

(山本登朗)

出典　朝日日本歴史人物事典：（株）朝日新聞出版朝日日本歴史人物事典について　情報

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