neon

Japanese: ネオン
neon

Ne. Atomic number 10. One of the rare gas elements in group 18 of the periodic table with the electron configuration [He]2s 2 2p 6. Atomic weight 20.1797(6). Three stable isotopes with mass numbers 20 (90.48(3)%), 21 (0.27(1)%), and 22 (9.25(3)%) are known, as well as radioactive isotopes with mass numbers 16-32 and 34. It was discovered in liquid air by W. Ramsay and MW Travers in 1898, and was named after the Greek word νεο (neos), meaning "new." It exists in trace amounts in the atmosphere at a ratio of 65,000:1, and can be obtained by fractional distillation of liquid air. Colorless, odorless gas. Melting point 24.48 K, boiling point 27.10 K. Critical constants: 44.49 K, 2.6786 MPa, 0.48192 g mL -1 . Liquid density: 1.2070 g cm -3 (boiling point). Heat of vaporization: 1.7326 kJ mol -1 (boiling point). First ionization energy: 21.564 eV. Chemically inert. No compounds in the ordinary sense of the word, including fluorides, have been identified. Theoretically, its existence is also in doubt. It glows brightly red-orange when discharged at low pressure, and is most commonly used in neon signs. Other uses include indicator lights, filling gas for electronic tubes, and refrigerants. [CAS 7440-01-9]

Source: Morikita Publishing "Chemical Dictionary (2nd Edition)" Information about the Chemical Dictionary 2nd Edition

Japanese:

Ne.原子番号10の元素.電子配置[He]2s22p6の周期表18族希ガス元素の一つ.原子量20.1797(6).質量数20(90.48(3)%),21(0.27(1)%),22(9.25(3)%)の3種の安定同位体と,質量数16~32,34の放射性同位体が知られている.1898年にW. Ramsay(ラムゼー)とM.W. Traversにより,液体空気中に発見され,ギリシア語の“新しい”を意味するνεο(neos)から命名された.大気中に65000:1の割合で微量存在し,液体空気の分留により得られる.無色,無臭の気体.融点24.48 K,沸点27.10 K.臨界定数44.49 K,2.6786 MPa,0.48192 g mL-1.液体の密度1.2070 g cm-3(沸点).蒸発熱(沸点)1.7326 kJ mol-1.第一イオン化エネルギー21.564 eV.化学的には不活性である.普通の意味の化合物はフッ化物を含め,まだ確認されていない.理論的にも存在は疑問視されている.低圧放電により赤橙色に強く光るので,ネオンサイン用にもっとも多く用いられる.そのほか,指示灯,電子管用充填ガス,冷媒などとして用いられる.[CAS 7440-01-9]

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