Dundee

Japanese: ダンディー（英語表記）Dundee

An industrial and port city in the east of Scotland. It is a unitary authority (council area). In 1975, it became the county seat and a district of the county of Tayside, and in 1996, it became a unitary authority. The entire area is part of the former county of Angus. It is located about 60 km north of Edinburgh, on the north shore of the Bay of Tay, an inlet of the North Sea. It is an old town dating back to pre-Roman times, and there are many archaeological documents, but it appears in records only after it became an autonomous town at the end of the 12th century or the beginning of the 13th century. It was repeatedly plundered by the English during the 4th and 5th centuries, and in 1651 one-sixth of the inhabitants were massacred. Fishing was active from an early period, and it eventually became one of the largest whaling bases in Scotland. The textile industry also developed using locally produced flax, and after the introduction of jute fiber in the 19th century, it became the world center of the jute industry, producing coarse woven cloth for lining bags and rugs made from jute mixed with whale oil. The textile industry, including linen, canvas, rope, and carpets, is still active today, but the jute industry has declined somewhat due to competition from foreign products, and many people are now working in the newly introduced light machinery industry. The town is also known for its jams, such as raspberry jams, which grow in the fertile lowlands around it, as well as comic books and weekly magazines, as it is said to have developed from the three Js of "jute, jam, and journalism." The port is a natural harbor with regular shipping routes to Northern Europe, India, Pakistan, and other areas, and is also important for the North Sea oil fields offshore. The shipbuilding industry is also well developed. The University of Dundee, founded in 1881, was part of the University of St. Andrews from 1897 until it was separated in 1967 to become an independent university. It is connected to the southern shore of the Firth of Tay by a road bridge and a railway bridge across the Firth of Tay. Area: 65 ^km2 . Population: 142,170 (2006 estimate).

Dandy
Dandy, Walter Edward

Born April 6, 1886 in Sedalia, Missouri.
[Died] April 19, 1946.
American brain surgeon who served as professor of neurosurgery at Johns Hopkins University. He invented new surgical techniques for brain tumors, aneurysms, hydrocephalus, neuralgia, and other cranial nerve disorders, and developed ventriculography and pneumocephalus techniques to diagnose lesions in the brain. He also discovered herniated intervertebral discs and devised a surgical method for treating them.

Dandy
Dundee

A town in the northwest of KwaZulu-Natal Province, eastern South Africa. It is located about 200 km north-northwest of Durban. It is a center of coal and iron ore mining, and also has industries such as glass, brick and tile manufacturing. It was the site of fierce fighting in the 1899 South African War.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

イギリス，スコットランド東部の工業・港湾都市。単一自治体（カウンシルエリア council area）。1975年の自治体再編でテーサイド県の県都および一地区となり，1996年に単一自治体となった。全域が旧アンガス県に属する。エディンバラの北方約 60km，北海の入り海であるテー湾の北岸に位置する。ローマ時代以前にさかのぼる古い町で，多くの考古学的史料があるが，記録に現れるのは 12世紀末あるいは 13世紀初めに自治都市となってからである。その後 4～5世紀の間はイングランド人によって繰り返し略奪され，1651年には住民の 6分の1が虐殺された。早くから漁業が盛んで，やがてスコットランド最大の捕鯨基地の一つになった。また地元に産するアマを用いて織物工業も発展し，19世紀ジュート繊維の導入後は，ジュートに鯨油を混ぜてつくった袋や敷物の裏地用の粗織布の生産が盛んとなり，ジュート工業の世界的中心地となった。リンネル，カンバス地，ロープ，絨毯などを含む繊維工業は今日も行なわれるが，ジュート工業は外国製品との競争によりやや衰退し，新規導入された軽機械工業の従事者が多い。また「ジュート，ジャム，ジャーナリズム」の 3Jで発展した町といわれるように，周辺の肥沃な低地に産するキイチゴなどのジャムや，コミック紙，週刊誌などで知られる。港は天然の良港で，北ヨーロッパ，インド，パキスタンなどと定期航路で結ばれ，沖合いの北海油田にとっても重要。造船業も発達。1881年創立のダンディー大学は，1897年以降セントアンドルーズ大学の一部であったが，1967年分離し単独の大学となった。テー湾を横断する道路橋と鉄道橋によりテー湾南岸と結ばれる。面積 65km²。人口 14万2170（2006推計）。

ダンディー
Dandy， Walter Edward

[生]1886.4.6. ミズーリ，セデリア
[没]1946.4.19.
アメリカの脳外科医。ジョンズ・ホプキンズ大学脳神経外科教授をつとめた。脳腫瘍や動脈瘤，水頭症，神経痛その他の脳神経障害に対する新しい手術法を創案し，脳内の病変を診断するための脳室造影法や気脳法を開発した。また椎間板ヘルニアを発見し，その手術法も考案した。