An evergreen tall tree of the family Moraceae (APG classification: Moraceae). Also called "akogi", it can grow to a height of 20 meters and a diameter of over 1 meter. It has aerial roots that hang from the trunk and branches. In the tropics and subtropics, it can become semi-parasitic on other trees and kill them. The bark is gray-brown. The leaves are alternate, elliptical or oblong, 10-15 cm long, thin, leathery, entire, and the petiole is about 3 cm long. In the subtropics and south, new leaves may appear immediately after the leaves fall all at once, regardless of the season. The new shoots are wrapped in precocious stipules. The cryptocephaly grows in bundles in the axils of older leaves on the branches, is spherical, about 1 cm in diameter, ripens pale pink, and has a stalk about 1 cm long. It grows on the coasts south of Wakayama and is distributed throughout southern China, Indochina, Thailand, and the Malay Peninsula. It is planted for sunshade and windbreak. The closely related Gajumaru (Ficus microcarpa Lf) is also a strangler tree. It grows commonly on limestone soil in Yakushima, Tanegashima and south, and Okinawa, and is distributed throughout tropical Asia and northern Australia. It has more aerial roots than Akou that grow from the trunk, and as they reach the ground they thicken and become prop roots. Its leathery, shiny leaves are obovate or oblong, 5-8 cm long. The axillary cryptocephalus matures to a pale yellow or pale pink. It is stronger than Akou for use as a sunshade or windbreak. It is used as a log for cultivating wood ear mushrooms. Its wood is used for lacquerware. The name comes from the Okinawa dialect. Its Chinese name is 'Rongshu'. [Keiichi Shimabukuro December 13, 2019] [Reference item] |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
クワ科(APG分類:クワ科)の常緑高木。アコギともいい、高さ20メートル、径1メートル以上にもなる。幹や枝から気根を垂らす。熱帯、亜熱帯では他樹に半寄生状となり枯らしてしまうこともある。樹皮は灰褐色。葉は互生し、楕円(だえん)ないし長楕円形で長さ10~15センチメートル、薄い革質で全縁、葉柄は約3センチメートル。亜熱帯以南では季節を定めず、一斉に落葉後ただちに新葉を出すことがある。新芽は早落性の托葉(たくよう)に包まれる。隠頭花序は枝上の古い葉腋(ようえき)に束生し、球形で径は約1センチメートル、淡紅色に熟し、柄は1センチメートルほど。和歌山以西の南側の海岸地に生育し、中国南部、インドシナ、タイ、マレー半島にかけて分布する。日よけや防風用に植える。近縁のガジュマルF. microcarpa L.f.も絞殺木。屋久島(やくしま)、種子島(たねがしま)以南、沖縄では石灰岩地によく生え、熱帯アジアからオーストラリア北部にまで分布。幹からアコウより著しい気根を出し、地面に達すると太くなり支柱根となる。葉は革質で光沢があり、倒卵形ないし長楕円形、長さ5~8センチメートル。腋生(えきせい)の隠頭花序は淡黄ないし淡紅色に熟する。日よけや防風用としてはアコウよりじょうぶ。キクラゲを植え付けて栽培する榾木(ほたぎ)に利用する。材は漆器に用いる。名は沖縄の方言による。中国名は榕樹。 [島袋敬一 2019年12月13日] [参照項目] |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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