Gyoku (Emperor) - Gyoku

Japanese: 玉(天皇) - ぎょく
Gyoku (Emperor) - Gyoku

...In addition, the expressions "Kinrisama (Forbidden)" and "Tenshisama (Son of Heaven)" were used to express respect for the Emperor. On the other hand, patriots who participated in the political struggles of the late Edo period secretly wrote the Emperor as "Gyoku (Tama)". It was only in the Meiji period that the Emperor, the monarch of Japan, was unified under the official title of "Tenno"....

*Some of the terminology explanations that mention "Tama (Emperor)" are listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…また天皇への敬愛をあらわす言葉としては〈キンリサマ(禁裡様)〉〈テンシサマ(天子様)〉との表現が使われた。一方,幕末の政争に参加した志士は天皇のことをひそかに〈玉(ギョク,タマ)〉と記していた。こうした日本の君主である天皇が〈天皇〉という公式称号で統一されるのは明治になってのことである。…

※「玉(天皇)」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報

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