The capital of Senegal, West Africa. It is the political, economic and cultural center of the country, and one of the leading international cities in Africa. The population of Dakar is 919,683, and the population of the metropolitan area is 2,411,528 (2001). Dakar is located on Cape Verde, the westernmost point of the African continent, and offshore is Goree Island, which was once a slave dumping site. It was a supply base for the sea route connecting Europe and South America, but in the 19th century, groundnut cultivation expanded, and in 1857, France built a port on the cape, and it developed as a shipping port. Railways to Mali and Saint-Louis in northern Senegal were also built, and the population rapidly increased, becoming a commercial center. In 1902, it became the capital of French West Africa, and became the base of French colonial rule in West Africa. Even after independence, it continued to develop as the capital of Senegal, and the population rapidly increased. It is considered an important strategic location connecting Europe, West Africa, and North and South America, and is home to international organizations such as the headquarters of the West African Central Bank and the FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations) Regional Headquarters, making it an international city. A European-style city called the "Paris of Africa" spreads out around the port on the volcanic island and the torpedo that make up Cape Verde. It is also the academic center of West Africa, with the University of Dakar, the Institute of Black Africa (IFAN), and museums. Industrial industries include peanut oil, flour milling, canning, automobiles, shipbuilding, chemical fertilizers, and oil refining. The port is one of the largest trading ports in Africa, handling 6 million tons of cargo per year. Senghor International Airport (Yoff International Airport) is an important airport connecting Europe, West Africa, and North and South America. [Hiroshi Fujii] Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
西アフリカ、セネガルの首都。同国の政治、経済、文化の中心都市で、アフリカを代表する国際都市でもある。ダカール市の人口は91万9683、首都圏人口は241万1528(2001)。アフリカ大陸最西端のベルデ岬に立地し、沖合いにはかつて奴隷集積所であったゴレ島がある。ヨーロッパと南アメリカを結ぶ航路の補給基地であったが、19世紀にラッカセイ栽培が拡大し、1857年フランスにより岬に港が建設され、その積出し港として発展した。マリやセネガル北部のサン・ルイへの鉄道も建設され、人口も急増し商業の中心地ともなった。1902年にはフランス領西アフリカの首都となり、フランスの西アフリカ植民地支配の拠点となった。独立後もセネガルの首都として発展し、人口も急激に増加した。ヨーロッパと西アフリカ、南北アメリカを結ぶ要衝であることが重視され、西アフリカ中央銀行本店、FAO(国連食糧農業機関)地域本部など国際機関が立地し、国際都市ともなっている。ベルデ岬を構成する陸繋(りくけい)砂州と火山島上には、港を中心に「アフリカのパリ」といわれたヨーロッパ風市街が広がる。ダカール大学、ブラック・アフリカ研究所(IFAN)、博物館などがあり、西アフリカの学術の中心地でもある。工業では、落花生油、製粉、缶詰、自動車、造船、化学肥料、石油精製などがある。港はアフリカ有数の貿易港で年間600万トンの貨物を扱う。サンゴール国際空港L.S.Senghor international airport(ヨッフYoff国際空港)はヨーロッパと西アフリカ、南北アメリカを結ぶ重要な空港である。 [藤井宏志] 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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