...For example, a piece in F major is raised by a major third to A major, or a piece in E flat minor is lowered by a minor second to D minor. Such manipulations are also performed in non-tonal music (e.g., transposing a twelve-tone row to various pitches), but in those cases transposition is often translated as transposition or elevation. Transposition may also be performed for performance reasons, such as to bring a vocal piece to a pitch appropriate to the singer's vocal range, or to bring an instrumental piece to a pitch appropriate to the range or characteristics of the instrument being played.... From [Melody]...Therefore, even if a certain melody is simply moved to a different pitch, the identity of the melody is not lost (for example, this is why Schubert's songs are sung in various keys depending on the singer's vocal range). In this way, a musical melody has a certain form that is not merely the sum of its constituent notes, and it is perceived as the same even if the form is moved in parallel (transposed) (in psychology, this property is called the Gestalt nature of a melody). However, the degree of certainty of relative pitch varies depending on the era and ethnicity. ... *Some of the terminology explanations that mention "transfer height" are listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…たとえばヘ長調の曲を長3度高くしてイ長調に,変ホ短調の曲を短2度低くしてニ短調にすることである。このような操作は調性に基づかない音楽においても行われるが(たとえば12音音列をさまざまな高さに移す),その場合のトランスポジションは移置や移高と訳されることが多い。移調は演奏上の必要から,たとえば声楽曲を歌手の声域に適した高さにするため,また器楽曲を演奏する楽器の音域や特性にふさわしい高さにするために行われる場合もある。… 【旋律】より…したがって,ある旋律をそのまま別の高さに移してもその旋律の同一性が失われることはない(たとえば,シューベルトの歌曲が歌手の声域に応じて種々の調で歌われるのはそのためである)。このように,音楽旋律は単に構成諸音の総和にとどまらない一定の形態をもち,その形態を平行移動(移高)しても同一のものとして知覚される(心理学ではこの性質を旋律のゲシュタルト性と呼ぶ)。もっとも,相対的音高の確定度は時代や民族によって相違している。… ※「移高」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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