Taichi - Taiitsu

In ancient Chinese thought, it is also written as "Da Yi" or "Tai Yi" or "Tai Yi". It can be found in "Xunzi", "Zhuangzi", "Lüshi Chunqiu", "Huainanzi" and other works, and in those works it means the great way that encompasses all things, the chaotic energy of the creation of heaven and earth, and the way. For example, in the "Lüshi Chunqiu" Da Le chapter it says, "The source of all things is made from Tai Yi and transforms into Yin and Yang", and in the "Book of Rites" Li Yun chapter it says, "All rituals originate from Tai Yi". Another example is found in the "Records of the Grand Historian" Feng Shan Shu and the Book of Heavenly Officials, where it is said to be the name of the most sacred heavenly god, or its residence, Ziwei Palace, and it also seems to refer to the North Star as Tai Yi. The Fengshanshu states that "the precious being of the heavenly gods is called Taiyi," and the notes in the Tianguanshu state that "Taiyi is another name for the Heavenly Emperor." The former usage is close to the meaning of Taiji in the later Song Dynasty study of "Wuji and Taiji," while the latter is closer to the object of worship in Taoist folk religions.

[Machida Saburo]

"Laozi and Zhuangzi" by Yoshio Takeuchi (1930, Iwanami Shoten) " "Taoist Thought and Its Development" by Sokichi Tsuda (1939, Iwanami Shoten)

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

中国の古代思想で、「大一」または「泰一」「太乙」とも書く。『荀子(じゅんし)』『荘子(そうじ)』『呂氏春秋(りょししゅんじゅう)』『淮南子(えなんじ)』等にみえるが、そこでの用例では万有を包含する大道、天地創造の混沌(こんとん)たる元気、道を意味する。たとえば『呂氏春秋』大楽篇(へん)には「万物の出づる所は、太一に造(はじ)まり、陰陽に化す」とあり、『礼記(らいき)』礼運篇では「夫(そ)れ礼は必ず太一に本づく」とある。いま一つの用例は、『史記』封禅書や天官書にみえるもので、天神のもっとも尊いものの名、あるいはその住居紫微(しび)宮のことであるといい、北極星を太一というともみえる。封禅書には「天神の貴きものを太一という」とあり、天官書の注では「泰一は天帝の別名」としている。前者の用例は後の宋学(そうがく)にいう「無極にして太極」の太極の意味に近く、後者の場合は道教系の民間宗教の信仰対象に近い。

［町田三郎］

『武内義雄著『老子と荘子』（1930・岩波書店）』▽『津田左右吉著『道家思想と其の展開』（1939・岩波書店）』

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