Werner Sombart

Japanese: ゾンバルト - ぞんばると(英語表記)Werner Sombart
Werner Sombart

German economist and sociologist. He studied at the University of Berlin and was influenced by G. Schmoller, A. Wagner, W. Dilthey, K. Marx and others. After graduating from university, he traveled to Pisa, Italy to study from 1885 to 1888. From 1888 to 1890, he was an advisor to the Bremen Chamber of Commerce. He served as a professor at the University of Breslau from 1890, the Berlin School of Commerce from 1906, and the University of Berlin from 1917, and in 1931 he became a professor emeritus at the Berlin School of Commerce. From 1904, he edited the Journal of Social Science and Social Policy ( Archiv für Sozialwissenschaft und Sozialpolitik ) with M. Weber and others, and competed with the new historical school led by Schmoller, who also placed importance on the ethical stance in social policy, and tried to establish the scientific nature of social policy.

In his early work, Socialism and the Social Movement ( Sozialismus und sozial Bewegung im 19. Jahrhundert , 1896), he was largely sympathetic to Marxism, but in his later years he became critical of Marxism, and in his revised version, Proletarian Socialism ( Der proletarische Sozialismus , 1924), he advocated a socialism based on the nation. As an economist, he was critical of both the historical school, which neglected theory, and the theoretical economics of the time, which relied on the method of natural science. He attempted to open up a way to a holistic understanding of economic society that integrated theory and history from the perspective of sociological understanding, centering on the concept of the "economic system" (Wirtschaftssystem). His representative works in this regard include the two-volume Der moderne Kapitalismus (1902) and Das Wirtschaftsleben im Zeitalter des Hochkapitalismus (1927), while his later work Die drei Nationalökonomien (1930) develops his methodology in more detail.

[Tadashi Hayasaka]

"Three Economics" translated by Shotaro Kojima (1933, Yufukan Shobo)

[References] | Weber | Economic system | Social policy | Schmoller

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

ドイツの経済学者、社会学者。ベルリン大学で学び、G・シュモラー、A・ワーグナー、W・ディルタイ、K・マルクスなどの影響を受けた。大学卒業後1885~1888年イタリアのピサに遊学。1888~1890年ブレーメン商工会議所顧問。1890年からブレスラウ大学、1906年からベルリン商科大学、1917年からベルリン大学教授を歴任し、1931年ベルリン商科大学名誉教授。1904年以来、M・ウェーバーらと『社会科学および社会政策雑誌』Archiv für Sozialwissenschaft und Sozialpolitikの編集にあたり、社会政策における倫理的立場をも重要視するシュモラーらの新歴史学派と争い、社会政策の科学性を確立しようとした。

 初期の著作『社会主義と社会運動』Sozialismus und sozial Bewegung im 19. Jahrhundert(1896)では多分にマルクス主義に共感を示していたが、晩年はマルクス主義に批判的になり、同書の改訂版『プロレタリア社会主義』Der proletarische Sozialismus(1924)では、民族に基礎を置く社会主義を主張するようになった。経済学者としては、理論を軽視する歴史学派、自然科学的方法に依拠する当時の理論的経済学のどちらに対しても批判的で、「経済体制」Wirtschaftssystemという概念を中心に、理解社会学的な角度から理論と歴史とを総合した経済社会の全体的把握の道を切り開こうとした。その面での代表作として『近世資本主義』全2巻Der moderne Kapitalismus(1902)、『高度資本主義』Das Wirtschaftsleben im Zeitalter des Hochkapitalismus(1927)があり、またその方法論をより詳細に展開したものに、晩年の『三つの経済学』Die drei Nationalökonomien(1930)がある。

[早坂 忠]

『小島昌太郎訳『三つの経済学』(1933・雄風館書房)』

[参照項目] | ウェーバー | 経済体制 | 社会政策 | シュモラー

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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