Respect for the Emperor - Sonnoron

Japanese: 尊王論 - そんのうろん

Based on the idea of the Divine Nation of Heavenly Grandson's Descent, this ideology advocates that the Imperial Family should be revered as the source of political authority, and generally refers to the ideology that gained popularity towards the end of the Edo period. In the Edo period, Confucian scholars who placed the highest priority on Japan's unique traditional values continued to assert their antithesis to the feudal system, in opposition to the dominant Confucian ideology. Initially, the Respect for the Emperor theory, which sought to combine Confucianism with Shintoism from a Confucian perspective and justified the existing shogunate power by preaching that it was delegated by the Imperial Court, which had the highest authority, was popular, as was Yamazaki Ansai's. However, after Perry's arrival, as the anti-foreigner response to foreign pressure grew, the Respect for the Emperor theory emerged as a spiritual principle of nationalism and became the ideological pillar of the anti-shogunate movement. It is sometimes written as Respect for the Emperor theory, but since it originates from the Confucian terminology of rejecting the path of hegemony and seeking the path of kingship, it is more correct to write it as Respect for the Emperor theory.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

天孫降臨の神国思想に基づき皇室を政治的権威の源泉として尊崇すべきであると説く思想で，一般には江戸時代末期に高まったものをさす。江戸時代では，支配的な儒教イデオロギーに対して日本独自の伝統的価値を至上とする国学者が，封建体制に対するアンチテーゼを主張し続けた。当初は山崎闇斎らのように，儒学の立場から神道との結合をはかり，現存の幕府権力を至高の権威をもつ朝廷から委任されたものと説くことによって正当化する意味の敬幕的尊王論が盛んであったが，ペリー来航後は，外圧に対抗する攘夷主義的対応が高まるにつれて，尊王論は民族主義の精神的原理として登場し，倒幕論のイデオロギー的支柱となった。尊皇論と書くこともあるが，もと覇道を退け王道を求めるという儒教の用語に発するので，尊王論と書くほうが正しい。

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