It is a World Heritage site (cultural heritage) of Korea registered in 1995, and is a mausoleum for the ancestors (successive kings) of the Joseon Dynasty in the capital Seoul. Construction began in December 1394 when Yi Seong-gye (Taejo), the founder of the Joseon Dynasty, moved the capital to Hanyang (present-day Seoul), and was completed the following September. It was burned down when Hanyang was occupied by Hideyoshi's forces during the Imjin War (the first Japanese invasion of Korea by Toyotomi Hideyoshi) in 1592, but was rebuilt in 1608. Jongmyo Shrine includes the main hall for the successive kings, Yeongnyeongjeon, which was built as a separate shrine for the increased number of deities, and the Gongjindang for 83 meritorious subjects, as well as the Jeonshil, Jeonsicheong, and Nakkocheong. Even now, ceremonies are held every May by the Jeonju Yi clan, descendants of the royal Yi clan. Jongmyo Shrine is designated as the 125th historic site in Korea, and Jongmyo Jerye and Jongmyo Jeryeak were selected as UNESCO Intangible Heritage in 2001. ◇The English name is Jongmyo Shrine. Jongmyo is pronounced 'Chonmyo' in Korean. Source: Kodansha World Heritage Sites Detailed Explanation Information |
1995年に登録された韓国の世界遺産(文化遺産)で、首都ソウルにある李氏朝鮮の祖先(歴代の王)の霊廟。朝鮮王朝の建国者であるイ・ソンゲ(李成桂、太祖)が当時の漢陽(現在のソウル)に遷都した1394年の12月に建設を開始し、翌年9月に完成したといわれている。1592年の文禄の役(壬辰倭乱、豊臣秀吉の第一次朝鮮出兵)で秀吉の軍勢に漢陽が占領された際に焼失したが、1608年に再建された。宗廟には、歴代の王を祀る正殿、神位が増えたために別廟として建設した永寧殿、83人の功臣を祀る功臣堂のほか、斉室、典祀庁、楽工庁があり、現在も、毎年5月に王族の李氏の子孫である全州李氏一族によって祭祀が営まれている。宗廟は韓国の史跡125号にも指定され、宗廟祭礼と宗廟祭礼楽は2001年に、ユネスコの無形遺産に選定されている。◇英名はJongmyo Shrine。宗廟は韓国語でチョンミョと発音する。
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