Ships are permitted to freely navigate the territorial waters of other countries as long as they do not harm the peace, order, or security of the coastal state. This is called innocent passage, and this right is recognized by international customary law (the right of innocent passage), and was confirmed in the 1950 Hague Convention and the 1958 Territorial Sea Convention. Coastal states may not impede the innocent passage of foreign ships through their territorial waters or collect tolls for passage, but may take necessary measures to prevent non-innocent passage. Ships navigating the territorial waters of other countries must also obey the laws of the coastal state. In order to clarify the criteria for innocent passage, the 1982 United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea listed 12 acts that do not fall under innocent passage, including unauthorized military activities, espionage, fishing activities, and intentional and serious pollution. → International straits → Related items Territorial airspace Source : Heibonsha Encyclopedia About MyPedia Information |
沿岸国の平和・秩序・安全を害さないかぎり,他国の領海内での船舶の航行が自由に認められる。これを無害通航といい,その権利は国際慣習法によって認められ(無害通航権),1950年のハーグ会議および1958年の領海条約においても確認された。沿岸国は領海内での外国船舶の無害通航を妨害したり,通航のために料金を徴収したりしてはならないが,無害でない通航を防止するために必要な措置をとることができる。また,他国の領海を航行する船舶は沿岸国の法令に従わなければならない。1982年の国連海洋法条約では無害通航の基準を明確にする観点から,無許可の軍事活動やスパイ活動,漁業活動,故意かつ重大な汚染行為など12項目にわたって無害通航に該当しない行為を列挙した。→国際海峡 →関連項目領空 出典 株式会社平凡社百科事典マイペディアについて 情報 |
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