Strategic materials - strategic material

Japanese: 戦略物資 - せんりゃくぶっし(英語表記)strategic material
Strategic materials - strategic material

This refers to important materials necessary for the conduct of war. Although the importance varies from country to country, generally, oil, food, and rare metals are mentioned. It can also include weapons, machine tools, and electronic equipment. The supply of strategic materials determines the conduct of war and the maintenance of the national defense economy. For this reason, in order to secure these materials, efforts are being made to develop domestic resources, secure imports, stockpile, and research alternative resources, while export restrictions are also being imposed on enemy countries. Recently, rare metals have been given special importance. Chromium, manganese, and titanium are alloy materials for aircraft and missiles, and cobalt is essential for the manufacture of jet engines. The United States also relies on foreign countries for many of these materials, and is working to stockpile them, calling them strategic metals. Rare metal resources, which are essential for advanced technology industries such as aviation, space, nuclear power, and electronics, are the most important strategic materials.

[Haruo Fujii]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

戦争遂行に必要な重要物資をいう。国によって重要度は異なるが、一般に石油、食糧、希少金属などがあげられている。兵器や工作機械、電子機器などを含むこともある。戦略物資の供給いかんによって、戦争の遂行、国防経済の維持が左右されることになる。このため、これらの物資を確保しようとして、国内資源の開発、輸入の確保、備蓄、代替資源の研究に力が注がれる一方、敵性国家に対する輸出制限なども行われている。最近とくに重視されているのは希少金属(レアメタル)である。クロム、マンガン、チタンは航空機、ミサイルの合金原料となり、コバルトはジェットエンジンの製造に欠かせない。アメリカもこれらの多くを海外に依存しており、戦略金属と称して備蓄に努めている。航空、宇宙、原子力、電子など先端技術産業にとって必要不可欠な希少金属資源は、もっとも重要な戦略物資なのである。

[藤井治夫]

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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