A linear standard is a ruler that expresses length by the distance between two parallel graduation lines or the interval between two graduation lines. The distance between two graduation lines is the distance between the center lines of the graduation lines. There are linear standard with only two graduation lines indicating a fixed length and those with graduations that divide the entire length into smaller units, for example, 1 mm increments. Folding rulers, tape measures, straight rulers, and standard rulers belong to this category, and are made of various structures and materials depending on the purpose and precision. To make a precision ruler, the material must be stable without expanding or contracting over time, have little expansion or contraction with temperature changes, have a known coefficient of expansion, or in some cases, a coefficient of expansion close to zero, and be strong with a minimum of material. Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information |
線度器は平行な2目盛線間の距離,または2目盛線の間隔によって長さを表すものさしである。2目盛線の距離とは目盛線の中心線と中心線との距離である。線度器には一定の長さを示す二つの目盛線だけをもつものと,全長を細かく,例えば1mmごとに分割した目盛をもつものとがある。折尺,巻尺,直尺,標準尺などがこれに属し,用途や精度によっていろいろの構造および材料でできている。精密なものさしを作るには,材料として年を経ても伸縮しないで安定であること,温度が変化しても伸縮が少なく,膨張率が知られていること,場合によっては膨張率が0に近いこと,最少の材料で強固であることなどが要求される。
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