The Bakongo are a Central Bantu-speaking people who live in the Democratic Republic of the Congo and Angola, mainly around the mouth of the Congo River. Their population is estimated at about 8 million. By the time the Portuguese arrived in 1482, the Kingdom of Kongo had dispatched chiefs to neighboring countries and formed a powerful centralized state. The level of civilization was high, and trade with Western Europe was thriving, but after being defeated by Portugal in 1660, the kingdom collapsed. People trace their origins through paternal lineages. Today, their social organization is highly decentralized, with no integration beyond the village level. They make a living by cultivating millet, potatoes, bananas, coffee, cacao, and palm. Some hunt and fish, and many live in cities. Their religion is centered on ancestor worship, and from the beginning of the 20th century, anti-European religious and political movements have arisen one after another. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
バコンゴ族 Bakongoともいう。コンゴ川河口付近を中心に,コンゴ民主共和国,アンゴラなどに居住する中央バンツー語系民族。人口約 800万と推定される。 1482年ポルトガル人が訪れた当時までに,コンゴ王国は首長などを近隣諸国に派遣して,強大な中央集権国家を形成していた。文明の水準は高く,西欧との通商が盛んであったが,1660年ポルトガルに敗れたのち,王国は崩壊した。出自は父系をたどり,リニージをつくる。現在では,社会組織はきわめて分散的で,村単位以上の統合はない。生業は,雑穀,芋類,バナナをはじめ,コーヒー,カカオ,パームやしなども栽培する。狩猟,漁労も一部で行われ,また都市居住者も多い。宗教の中心は祖先崇拝で,20世紀初頭から排欧的な宗教・政治運動が次々と起った。
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