Hikuma - Hikuma

Japanese: 引間 - ひくま

A medieval place name in the province of Totomi. It is also written as Hikuma or Hikuma. It is identified with the area around the city of Hamamatsu, Shizuoka Prefecture. There are two theories about Hikuma, which is described in the Man'yoshu as "The fragrant fields of Hikuma, mingling with the clothes of the traveler, are a sign of the journey." It was known as a post station on the Tokaido. According to the entry for March 25, 1252 in the Azuma Kagami, Prince Munetaka passed through Hikuma on his way to Kamakura. The entry for October 22, 1277 in the Izayoi Nikki mentions Hikuma no Yado, but it also states that "the name of the area was generally called Hamamatsu," and Hamamatsu Manor had existed here since the end of the Heian period. It was a key transportation point and the economic center of Hamamatsu Sho. In 1456, farmers from Kabanomikuriya (present-day Hamamatsu City) attacked Doso in Hikima City during the Tokusei Ikki (Rebellion of Tokusei). During the Muromachi period, it is said that the Omi clan, a vassal of the Mikawa Kira clan, built Hikima Castle. In 1517, Imagawa Ujichika attacked Hikima Castle, wiped out the power of the Shiba clan and Kira clan, former guardians of Totomi Province, and made this place the base for managing the Totomi Province. After the fall of the Imagawa clan, Tokugawa Ieyasu built Hamamatsu Castle in 1570 and moved there from Okazaki Castle in Mikawa Province (present-day Okazaki City, Aichi Prefecture). Around this time, the place name Hamamatsu became more common, and the name Hikima gradually disappeared.

Source : Heibonsha Encyclopedia About MyPedia Information

Japanese:

遠江国にあった中世の地名。引馬・曳馬などとも書く。現在の静岡県浜松市の市街付近に比定される。《万葉集》に〈引馬野ににほふ榛原(はりはら)入り乱れ衣にほはせ旅のしるしに〉と詠まれている〈引馬野〉は，遠江国あるいは三河国に比定する二つの説がある。東海道の宿駅として知られた。《吾妻鏡》建長４年（1252年）３月25日条によれば，宗尊(むねたか)親王が鎌倉下向の途中に〈引間〉を通過している。《十六夜(いざよい)日記》建治３年（1277年）10月22日条に〈引馬の宿〉が登場するが，〈此所の大方の名は，浜松とぞ言ひし〉と記されており，この地には平安末期から浜松荘が存在していた。交通の要衝であるとともに，浜松荘の経済の中心でもあり，1456年の徳政一揆では蒲御厨(かばのみくりや)（現浜松市）の農民が引間市の土倉(どそう)を襲撃している。室町期には三河吉良(きら)氏の被官(ひかん)巨海(おおみ)氏が引間城を築城したといわれる。1517年今川氏親(うじちか)が引間城を攻め，かつての遠江国守護斯波氏と吉良氏の勢力を一掃，この地を遠江国の領国経営の拠点とした。今川氏の没落後，1570年に徳川家康が浜松城を築いて三河国岡崎城（現愛知県岡崎市）から移り，この頃から浜松の地名が一般化し，引間の呼称はしだいにみられなくなっていった。

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