Sensugai (English spelling) crisp coral

Japanese: センスガイ - せんすがい(英語表記)crisp coral
Sensugai (English spelling) crisp coral

A marine animal belonging to the family Flabellidae, subclass Hexacorallia, order Scleractinia, and class Anthozoa, phylum Coelenterata. All species of Flabellidae are solitary, and their enclosure is made of a substance called epitheca, which distinguishes them from the families of Septotheca. Flabellum has a poorly developed axis in the capsule core, a slightly pointed lower end, no root-like protrusions, and the coral body is laterally compressed. They live an attached life when young, but as they grow, the stalk breaks off and they live free. They are distributed in the oceans of the world, and are usually found on the continental shelf at depths of 100 to 300 meters, but can also live at depths of 3,000 meters or more. Flabellum has a semicircular upper edge that protrudes from the coral body, with an angle of 80 to 110 degrees between the lateral ridges, and when viewed from the side, it resembles an open fan. It is a worldwide species and is the most common deep-sea coral found off the coast of Japan, on the continental shelf 70 to 600 meters deep in the Pacific Ocean and the Sea of ​​Japan.

Closely related species include the fan coral F. pavoninum paripavoninum , the diamond-shaped capsule surface of the fringe coral F. deludens , the wedge coral F. transversale , which has a slightly elliptical to almost cylindrical capsule surface, and the octopus coral Monomyces niinoi , which has a root-like projection at the bottom.

[Hiroomi Uchida]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

腔腸(こうちょう)動物門花虫綱六放サンゴ亜綱イシサンゴ目センスガイ科に属する海産動物。センスガイ科の種はすべて単体で、囲壁がエピテカとよばれる形質でできていて、セプトテカでできているチョウジガイ類諸科と区別される。フラベリウム属Flabellumは莢心(きょうしん)に軸柱の発達が悪く、下端はややとがり、根様突起を備えず、サンゴ体は側方に扁圧(へんあつ)された形になる。幼時は付着生活をするが、成長すると柄部が切れて自由生活をする。世界中の海域に分布し、普通は100~300メートルの大陸棚上にみられるが、3000メートル以深にも生息する。センスガイはサンゴ体上縁が半円状に突出し、側稜(そくりょう)のなす角度は80~110度で、側方から見ると扇子を開いた形に似る。世界共通種で、日本沿岸でも太平洋および日本海の大陸棚70~600メートルにもっとも普通に産する深海サンゴである。

 近縁種にウチワサンゴF. pavoninum paripavoninum、莢面が菱(ひし)形のキンシサンゴF. deludens、莢面がやや楕円(だえん)形でほとんど円筒形をしたクサビサンゴF. transversale、下端に根様突起をもったタコアシサンゴMonomyces niinoiなどがある。

[内田紘臣]

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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