Ikeda clan

A clan named after the place names such as Ikeda-no-sho and Ikeda-go. The Ikeda clan originated from Ikeda-sho in Ikeda-gun, Mino Province (Gifu Prefecture), the Ikeda clan from Ikeda in Teshima-gun, Settsu Province (Osaka Prefecture), and the Ikeda clan from Ikeda-go in Sufu-gun, Iyo Province (Ehime Prefecture). The Ikeda clan, who became the lord of Himeji Domain in the early Edo period, is particularly famous. There is a theory that the ancestor is the Settsu Ikeda clan, but in 1821 (Bunsei 4), a stupa was discovered in the grounds of Ryutoku-ji Temple in Hongo Village, Ikeda-sho, Mino Province, with the posthumous posthumous name of the Ikeda clan's ancestor, Tsunetoshi, "Yogen-in-den Shinko-shu-den Zenjo-mon," so it is thought to be the Mino Ikeda clan. The distant ancestor was Yasumasa, the fourth generation grandson of Minamoto no Yorimitsu, who is said to have been the first to use the name Ikeda. Yasumasa's 9th generation grandson, Noriyori, married the daughter of Naito Mitsuyuki. She first married Kusunoki Masatsura, but after he was killed in battle, she remarried to Noriyori. The child she gave birth to, Norimasa, was believed to be Masatsura's son, and the theory that he was a descendant of the Ikeda clan persisted even after Ikeda Mitsumasa. Norimasa's 5th generation grandson was Tsunetoshi. His wife, Yotokuin, became Oda Nobunaga's wet nurse, and Tsunetoshi's son, Nobuteru (Tsuneoki), served Nobunaga, and after the Honnoji Incident, he sided with Hashiba Hideyoshi (Toyotomi Hideyoshi). Nobuteru's son, Terumasa, served Hideyoshi at first, but gained Ieyasu's trust when he took Tokugawa Ieyasu's daughter, Tomiko (Ryoshoin, Tokuhime), as his second wife. As a reward for the Battle of Sekigahara, he was given 520,000 koku of land in Harima and became the lord of Himeji. His second son, Tadatsugu, was then given 280,000 koku of land in Bizen, and his third son, Tadakatsu, was given 60,000 koku of land in Awaji. Terumasa was in charge of all of these domains, and so they are commonly referred to as the 1 million koku domain. Terumasa's younger brother Nagayoshi was also granted 60,000 koku of land in Inaba after the Battle of Sekigahara and was made the lord of Tottori domain. During the time of his son Nagayuki, the domain was transferred to the Bitchu Matsuyama domain in 1617 (Genwa 3) with a fief of 65,000 koku. However, his son Nagatsune had no heir and the family line died out in 1641 (Kan'ei 18).

After Terumasa's death in 1613 (Keicho 18), his eldest son Toshitaka inherited 420,000 koku of his estate, and 100,000 koku was added to the lord of Okayama, Tadatsugu. However, Tadatsugu died in 1615 (Genwa 1), and his younger brother Tadao became the lord of Okayama, and distributed 100,000 koku of Tadatsugu's estate to his younger brothers Terusumi, Masatsuna, and Teruoki, and established the Shiso Domain (38,000 koku), Ako Domain (35,000 koku), and Sayo Domain (25,000 koku). Tadao was given 40,000 koku as a cosmetic gift from his mother, Ryoshoin, and was awarded a fief of 320,000 koku. In 1616, Toshitaka died, and his eldest son Mitsumasa became the lord of Himeji, but because he was still a child, he was transferred to the lord of Tottori Domain with 320,000 koku. In 1632 (Kan'ei 9), Tadao, the lord of Okayama domain, died. As his eldest son Mitsunaka was still a child, Mitsumasa and Mitsunaka were ordered to transfer the domain to another domain that same year. From then on, Mitsumasa's descendants became the lords of Okayama domain, and Mitsunaka's descendants became the lords of Tottori domain, leading up to the Meiji Restoration.

[Hajime Shibata]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

池田荘(いけだのしょう)、池田郷などの地名にちなんだ氏族。美濃国(みののくに)（岐阜県）池田郡池田荘から興った池田氏、摂津国（大阪府）豊島(てしま)郡池田から出た池田氏、伊予国（愛媛県）周敷(すふ)郡池田郷から出た池田氏など。江戸時代初期に姫路藩主となった池田氏がとくに有名である。その祖は摂津池田氏とする説もあるが、1821年（文政4）美濃国池田庄(しょう)本郷村の龍徳寺境内から、池田家の祖恒利(つねとし)の戒名「養源院殿心光宗伝禅定門」と刻まれた五輪塔が発見されていることから、美濃池田氏と考えられる。その遠祖は源頼光(よりみつ)4代の孫泰政(やすまさ)で、初めて池田を称したという。泰政の9代の孫教依(のりより)は内藤満之の娘を娶(めと)った。彼女は、最初楠木正行(くすのきまさつら)に嫁したが、その討ち死にののち教依に再嫁した。その産むところの教正は正行の子と信じられ、池田氏楠胤(なんいん)説は池田光政(みつまさ)以後根強く続いた。教正の5代の孫が恒利である。その妻養徳院は織田信長の乳母(うば)となり、恒利の子信輝(のぶてる)（恒興(つねおき)）は信長に仕え、本能寺の変後は羽柴秀吉(はしばひでよし)（豊臣秀吉(とよとみひでよし)）に加担した。信輝の子輝政は最初秀吉に仕えたが、徳川家康の娘富子（良正院、督姫(とくひめ)）を継室に迎えて家康の信任を得た。関ヶ原の戦いの恩賞として播磨(はりま)52万石を賜って姫路藩主となり、ついで次男忠継(ただつぐ)に備前(びぜん)28万石、三男忠雄(ただかつ)に淡路6万石を賜り、輝政が総管したから俗称100万石といわれる。輝政の弟長吉(ながよし)も、関ヶ原の戦い後因幡(いなば)のうち6万石を賜り、鳥取藩主に封ぜられ、その子長幸のとき1617年（元和3）備中(びっちゅう)松山藩6万5000石に移されたが、その子長常に継嗣(けいし)なく、1641年（寛永18）断絶。

　1613年（慶長18）輝政の死後、遺領のうち42万石を長男利隆(としたか)が相続、10万石は岡山藩主忠継に加増される。しかし忠継は1615年（元和1）死去し、弟忠雄が岡山藩主となり、忠継遺領のうち10万石を弟輝澄、政綱、輝興に分与し、宍粟(しそう)藩（3万8000石）、赤穂(あこう)藩（3万5000石）、佐用(さよ)藩（2万5000石）をたてる。忠雄は母良正院の化粧料4万石を賜り32万石を領す。1616年利隆が死去し、嫡子光政が姫路藩主となったが、幼少のため鳥取藩主32万石に移される。1632年（寛永9）岡山藩主忠雄が死去し、嫡子光仲幼少のため、同年光政、光仲に国替(くにがえ)を命ぜられ、以後光政の子孫は岡山藩主、光仲の子孫は鳥取藩主を世襲して明治維新に至る。

［柴田　一］

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