Seiryoden - Seiryoden

It is also read as "Seiryouden". It is the name of a palace in the Heian Palace's inner palace. It is also called the Chuden or Honden. It is the emperor's daily residence. In the early Heian period, the residence was located in Jijuden, but was eventually moved to Seiryoden, and sometimes it was rebuilt when the emperor died there. With the changes in the Ritsuryo system of politics, Seiryoden, the place where the emperor lived privately, became the center of politics, and important official ceremonies such as investiture and appointment were also carried out here. Towards the end of the Warring States period, a palace called Tsunegoten was built as the emperor's residence, and thereafter Seiryoden was used only for ceremonies. Seiryoden, which was rebuilt in 1855 (Ansei 2) as a restoration of the Heian Imperial Palace, still remains in the Kyoto Imperial Palace today.

Located to the east of Koryoden and west of Nijuden, it is a cypress bark-roofed, hip-and-gabled building with 9 bays north to south and 2 bays east to west, with eaves on all four sides and a grand eaves on the east, facing east. From the south, the main building is divided into the Hi no Omashi, a living room, followed by the Yoru no Otodo, a bedroom, and to the north are two rooms: Fujitsubo no Ueno Mitsubone and Hagi no To. From the south, the east eaves are followed by the Ishibai no Dan, followed by the Hirashiki Hi no Omashi, followed by the Futama, and Kokiden no Ueno Mitsubone. At the north end of Hirobisashi, where the nobles and other officials sat, is a cloth-covered screen called Arauminosoji, with a picture of Tenaga and Ashinaga monsters on the banks of a rough sea on its front, and in front of the two rooms is a cloth-covered Kunmingchi screen called Konmeichinosoji, with a picture of the Chinese Kunmingchi pond on its front. At the south end is a Naruita board that makes a sound when stepped on, which leads to the Koitajiki board through the Annual Events screen. The East Sunoko has two staircases leading down to the East Garden, along which runs the Mikawamizu River, and in front of which river bamboo and Kuretake bamboo were planted. The western eaves were lined with rooms for the Emperor's washroom, meals and preparation, such as the Oyudono, Ochozu-no-ma, Asagare-no-ma, Daibandokoro, and Oninoma, from the north, and faced the western garden, including the Asagare-no-tsubo and Daibandokoro-tsubo. The southern eaves were the Tenjo-no-ma, where the nobles and courtiers stayed.

[Sanae Yoshida]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

「せいろうでん」とも読む。平安宮内裏(だいり)の殿舎の名。中殿(ちゅうでん)、本殿(ほんでん)ともいう。天皇の日常の居所。平安初期には仁寿(じじゅう)殿にあった居所が、やがて清涼殿に移り、天皇がここで崩御すると建て替えられることもあった。律令(りつりょう)政治の変質によって、天皇の私生活の場である清涼殿が政治の中心となっていき、叙位・除目(じもく)などの重要な公事(くじ)も行われた。戦国末期になって、天皇の居所として常御殿という殿舎が建てられ、以後清涼殿では儀式を行うだけとなった。1855年（安政2）平安内裏を復原、造営された清涼殿が、現在も京都御所に残っている。

　後涼(こうりょう)殿の東、仁寿殿の西に位置し、檜皮葺(ひわだぶき)、入母屋(いりもや)造で南北9間、東西2間の母屋(もや)の四面に庇(ひさし)、東に孫庇がある東向きの建物。母屋は南側から、居間にあたる昼御座(ひのおまし)、次が寝室となる夜御殿(よるのおとど)、その北は藤壺上御局(ふじつぼのうえのみつぼね)、萩(はぎ)の戸(と)の2室に分かれる。東庇は南側から石灰壇(いしばいのだん)、次に平敷の昼御座が置かれ、二間(ふたま)、弘徽殿上御局(こきでんのうえのみつぼね)と続く。公卿(くぎょう)などの座となる東孫庇（弘庇(ひろびさし)）は、北端に、布張りの衝立(ついたて)、荒海障子(あらうみのそうじ)が置かれ、その表には荒海のほとりに手長・足長という怪物のいる図が描かれており、二間の前には、同じく布張りの昆明池障子(こんめいちのそうじ)が置かれ、表に中国の昆明池の図が描かれている。南端に、踏むと音のする鳴板(なるいた)があって、年中行事障子を経て小板敷(こいたじき)に至る。東簀子(すのこ)には東庭へ下りる階段が2か所あり、簀子に沿って御溝水(みかわみず)が流れ、その前に河竹(かわたけ)・呉竹(くれたけ)が植えられた。西庇は北側から御湯殿(おゆどの)、御手水間(おちょうずのま)、朝餉間(あさがれいのま)、台盤所(だいばんどころ)、鬼間(おにのま)と、天皇の洗面、食事やその準備のための部屋が並んで、朝餉壺(あさがれいのつぼ)、台盤所壺という西庭に面する。南庇は公卿、殿上人(てんじょうびと)たちが詰める殿上の間になっていた。

［吉田早苗］

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