Silk reeling

Japanese: 製糸 - せいし

The production of raw silk from cocoons. Raw cocoons are made by killing the pupae with hot air and drying them to make dried cocoons. They are first boiled in steam or hot water at 95-100°C to loosen the cocoon threads that are stuck together with sericin, and then transferred to reeling water at 30-50°C. Reeling involves finding the end of the cocoon thread, combining several threads to make one raw silk thread, and winding it onto a frame. About five cocoon threads will produce a 14 denier thread, and seven or eight will produce a 21 denier thread. The reeled raw silk is then reeled back onto a frame to make a skein of the specified weight and length. In Japan, in the old days, silk was reeled with one hand and the spool turned with the other, but from the end of the Edo period to the Meiji period, the reeling machine was developed, and in the mid-Meiji period, mechanical silk-reeling using power introduced from France and Italy became widespread, and at the end of the Taisho period, the multi-row silk-reeling machine was invented. After World War II, automatic silk-reeling machines were developed that sensed the fineness (thickness) of the raw silk during reeling and constantly adjusted it, automatically connecting the cocoon threads, and this has been effective in standardizing quality and mass production.
→ Related topics Raw silk | Silkworm industry | Shinmachi waste silk spinning mill | Reeling | Spinning | Cotton yarn

Source : Heibonsha Encyclopedia About MyPedia Information

Japanese:

繭(まゆ)から生糸を製造すること。生繭(なままゆ)を熱気で殺蛹(さつよう)乾燥した乾繭(かんけん)を原料とし，まず95〜100℃の蒸気または熱湯で煮繭(しゃけん)して，セリシンで膠着(こうちゃく)している繭糸をほぐし，30〜50℃の繰糸(そうし)湯に移す。繰糸は繭の糸口を捜し，数本を抱合して１本の生糸にし，わくに巻き取る工程で，繭糸５本程度で14デニール，７〜８本で21デニールの糸ができる。繰糸された生糸は大わくに巻き返す揚返しをして所定の重量と長さの綛(かせ)につくる。日本では，古くは片手で繰糸し片手でわくを回す手引きが行われ，幕末から明治にかけて座繰(ざぐり)が発達，明治半ばにはフランス・イタリアから導入した動力による機械製糸が普及，大正末年には多条繰糸機の発明をみた。第２次大戦後，繰糸中の生糸の繊度（糸の太さ）を感知して絶えず調整し，繭糸を自動的につないでいく自動繰糸機が開発され，品質の統一，量産に効果をあげている。
→関連項目生糸｜蚕糸業｜新町屑糸紡績所｜繰糸｜紡績｜綿糸

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