Scarlatti

Japanese: スカルラッティ

Italian composer and harpsichordist. Born in Naples as the fourth son of A. Scarlatti. In 1701, he became organist and composer at the Royal Chapel of Naples, where his father was kapelle-master. He went to Venice and Rome, where he produced many operas and church music, and became acquainted with Handel and Corelli. In 1720, he went to Lisbon, where he became kapelle-master at the court of the Portuguese royal family. He also served as harpsichord teacher to the royal family's children, and it was here that he met Seixas. In 1729, he accompanied Princess Maria Barbara, who became the Crown Princess of Spain, to Madrid, and thereafter served at the court of the King of Spain. The more than 550 harpsichord sonatas (called etudes at the time), which he wrote mainly during this period, are one-movement pieces, but they are famous as masterpieces rich in original Rococo techniques and anticipated many of the piano playing techniques that would come later. Today, the serial numbers are mainly used by Italian pianist and composer A. Longo (1864-1945) and Kirkpatrick. → Sonatas/Harpsichord → Related topics Baroque

Scarlatti

Italian composer. Born in Palermo, he went to Rome to study around 1672. From 1684 to 1703, he was conductor at the Royal Chapel of Naples. From this time, he gained fame as an opera composer, and brought about the prosperity of opera in Naples, and his works were also performed abroad. From 1702 to 1708, he was active in Florence and Venice, but in 1709, he returned to his post in Naples, where he died. His greatest achievement was in the field of opera, and he is particularly noted for clearly separating the functions of aria and recitative, and for establishing the form of sinfonia, which consists of three parts: fast-slow-fast, and later became a typical overture to Italian opera. In addition to about 115 operas (about 50 remain today), he left behind more than 800 cantatas (serenades), oratorios, masses, instrumental music, etc. D. Scarlatti was his fourth son. → Hasse

Source : Heibonsha Encyclopedia About MyPedia Information

Japanese:

イタリアの作曲家，ハープシコード奏者。A.スカルラッティの４男としてナポリに生まれる。1701年，父が楽長を務めるナポリ王室礼拝堂のオルガン奏者兼作曲家となる。ベネチア，ローマに出て多くのオペラ，教会音楽を発表，ヘンデルやコレリと知り合った。1720年リスボンに赴き，ポルトガル王家の宮廷楽長となる。王家の子女のハープシコード教師も務め，またこの地でセイシャスを知る。1729年スペイン皇太子妃となった王女マリア・バルバラに随伴してマドリードに行き，以後スペイン王の宮廷に仕えた。主にこの時代に書かれた550曲を超えるハープシコード・ソナタ（当時の名称は練習曲）は１楽章のものだが，ロココ風の独創的技法に富み，のちのピアノ奏法の多くを先取りした傑作として名高い。その整理番号には今日，イタリアのピアノ奏者・作曲家A.ロンゴ〔1864-1945〕とカークパトリックによるものが主に併用されている。→ソナタ／ハープシコード
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スカルラッティ

イタリアの作曲家。パレルモに生まれ，1672年ころ勉学のためローマに出る。1684年−1703年ナポリ王室礼拝堂楽長。このころからオペラ作曲家として名声を高め，ナポリにオペラの隆盛をもたらすとともに，その作品は国外でも上演された。1702年−1708年にはフィレンツェやベネチアで活動するが，1709年ナポリの職に復帰し同地に没した。その最大の功績はオペラの分野にあり，アリアとレチタティーボの機能を明確に分離し，また，のちにイタリア・オペラの典型的な序曲となった急―緩―急の３部分からなるシンフォニアの形式を確立した点が特筆される。約115曲のオペラ（現存するのは約50曲）のほか，800曲以上のカンタータ（セレナータ），オラトリオ，ミサ曲，器楽曲などを残した。D.スカルラッティはその４男。→ハッセ

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