Sweet, Henry

Japanese: スウィート(英語表記)Sweet, Henry
Sweet, Henry
Born: September 15, 1845, London
[Died] April 30, 1912. British linguist at Oxford. He engaged in research into phonetics and English linguistics, laying the foundations for scientific English linguistics. In the field of phonetics, he made a great contribution to the establishment of general phonetics together with scholars on the continent. He devised "organic notation," an improvement on A. Bell's visible speech, for the representation of linguistic sounds, and also devised two types of symbols based on the Roman alphabet, broad Romic and narrow Romic. These became the basis of the current International Phonetic Alphabet, while the former, broad Romic, was the forerunner of the current phonological notation. In the field of English linguistics, he devoted himself particularly to the study of Old English, and edited many works on Old English and Middle English. His major works include such phonetic works as Handbook of Phonetics (1887), A Primer of Phonetics (1892), The Sounds of English (1908), as well as other works on phonetics such as the Anglo-Saxon Reader (1876), New English Grammar (2 vols., 1991-1998), and The History of Language (1900).

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:
[生]1845.9.15. ロンドン
[没]1912.4.30. オックスフォード
イギリスの言語学者。音声学と英語学の研究に従事し,科学的英語学の基礎を築いた。音声学の分野では大陸の諸学者とともに一般音声学の確立に努力した功績が大きく,言語音声の表記のために A.ベルのビジブルスピーチを改良した「器官的記号」 organic notationを考案する一方,ローマ字を基礎とする2種の記号 broad Romic (簡略ローマ字式) と narrow Romic (精密ローマ字式) とを考案した。それらは現在の国際音声字母の基礎となる一方,前者 broad Romicは現在の音韻表記のさきがけとなった。英語学の分野では特に古期英語の研究に専念し,多数の古期英語,中期英語の文献を編集した。主著に,『音声学便覧』 Handbook of Phonetics (1887) ,『音声学入門』A Primer of Phonetics (92) ,『英語の音声』 The Sounds of English (1908) など音声学の著作のほか,『古英語読本』 Anglo-Saxon Reader (1876) ,『新英文法』 New English Grammar (2巻,91~98) ,『言語史』 The History of Language (1900) などがある。

出典 ブリタニカ国際大百科事典 小項目事典ブリタニカ国際大百科事典 小項目事典について 情報

<<:  Swift

>>:  Sweezy - Sweezy (English spelling) Paul Marlor Sweezy

Recommend

Kyodo drum - Kyodoko

...The wooden body is covered on both sides with ...

Namas

… In the Chinese Buddhist scriptures, the Sanskri...

Flamingo-flower (English spelling) Flamingoflower

...An evergreen herb of the Araceae family with o...

Dijla

The Tigris is also known as the Tigris River. In ...

Ban (鷭) - Ban (English spelling) moorhen

A bird of the family Rallidae (illustration) in th...

Death feigned rebirth

Please see the page "Death and Rebirth"...

Nodilittorina millegrana (English spelling) Nodilittorina amillegrana

…[Tadashige Nabe]. . … *Some of the terminology e...

Himekodai (Princess small sea bream) - Chelidoperca hirundinacea

A marine fish of the Perciformes, Percidae family....

Gold plating - gold plating

〘noun〙 The process of applying a thin gold film to...

Alexander Lange Kielland

Norwegian novelist. Also known as Kieran or Själa...

Pyrrhotite - Monster

→ Athlonite Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nippo...

Petrus [of Alcantara] (English spelling)

1499‐1562 Spanish Franciscan and a leading figure ...

Mobilization - Douin

〘noun〙① The transfer of the human and material res...

cord moss

…Hyotan-goke has been studied in detail from many...

Evening glory

[1] [Noun] ① An annual creeping plant of the Cucur...