Born: January 5, 1548, Granada Died: September 25, 1617. Spanish philosopher and theologian from Lisbon. The greatest scholar of the Society of Jesus (joined in 1564), known as Doctor eximius. Founded early modern scholasticism. Studied theology in Salamanca from 1564 to 1570, lectured on philosophy at the college in Segovia from 1571 to 1574, and theology at colleges in Valladolid, Rome, Alcala, Salamanca, and elsewhere from 1574 to 1697. During this time, his interpretation of Thomas Aquinas' Summa Theologica, begun at the college in Rome in 1580, bore fruit as an extensive commentary, and he completed his major work Disputationes metaphysicae in Salamanca from 1594 to 1616. Professor at the University of Coimbra from 1597 to 1616. In the controversy over grace, he corrected L. Molina's theory of congruism and defended the free will of man. In De legibus et Deo legislatore (1612), he brought Thomas's theory of natural law into line with the times and presented the idea of international law, a precursor to H. Grotius. His main works are "Defensio fidei catholicae adversus Anglicanae sectae errores" (13) and "De virtute et statu religionis" (08-09). Suarez |
[生]1548.1.5. グラナダ [没]1617.9.25. リスボン スペインの哲学者,神学者。イエズス会 (1564入会) 最大の学者で「優秀博士」 Doctor eximiusと呼ばれる。近世のスコラ学を興した。 1564~70年サラマンカで神学を学び,71~74年セゴビアの学院で哲学を,74~97年バリャドリド,ローマ,アルカラ,サラマンカなどの学院で神学を講じた。この間 80年ローマの学院で始められたトマス・アクィナスの『神学大全』の解釈は浩瀚な注解書として結実し,94~97年にはサラマンカで主著『形而上学討論』 Disputationes metaphysicaeを完成した。 97~1616年コインブラ大学教授。恩恵論争では L.モリナを修正して合宣説 congruismを立てて人間の自由意志を擁護し,『法律論』 De legibus et Deo legislatore (1612) では,トマスの自然法説を時代に合致させるとともに,国際法の思想を示して H.グロチウスに先駆した。主著"Defensio fidei catholicae adversus Anglicanae sectae errores" (13) ,"De virtute et statu religionis" (08~09) 。 スアレス
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