Shinchugumi

Japanese: 真忠組 - しんちゅうぐみ

This unit rose up in November 1863 (Bunkyu 3) in the Kujukuri region of Chiba Prefecture amid a movement for social reform at the end of the Edo period. It was led by former Owari samurai Kusunoki Otojiro and former retainer of the shogun Miura Tatewaki, and most of its nearly 200 members were from the poor farming, tenant farming, and fishing classes of the region. They advocated for the expulsion of foreigners and the liberation of the poor, and sought to collect money, grain, spears, and swords from fishermen and village officials, which they distributed to the poor. However, they were attacked by farmers from the Kanto region and soldiers from various domains mobilized by the shogunate, and were annihilated on January 17, 1864 (Genji 1).

Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information

Japanese:

江戸末期の世直し的な動きの中で1863年(文久3)11月に千葉県九十九里地方で挙兵した隊。元尾張藩士楠音次郎と元旗本家来三浦帯刀を隊長としたが，200人近い隊員のほとんどはこの地方の貧農･小作･水主（かこ）層出身であった。攘夷実行と貧民の解放とをかかげ，網主や村役人層に金穀･槍刀などを拠出させて貧民に分配するなどの動きをするが，幕府の動員した関八州農兵や諸藩兵に攻撃され，64年(元治1)1月17日に壊滅した。

出典　株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典第２版について　情報

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