This refers to the section of the Ritsuryo Code that stipulates the basics of public rituals based on Shinto belief. It is believed that the Omi Code, the first code compiled in Japan, and the Asuka Kiyomihara Code that followed it also contained sections related to Shinto, but what we know of as the Shinto Code today comes from the commentary on the Yoro Code, which succeeded the Taiho Code, called the Ryo Gikai. In the Yoro Code, the Shinto Code is placed as the sixth section after the five sections on ranks and officials at the beginning of the code, followed by the Monk and Nuns Code and the House Code. The Jingi-ryo consists of 20 articles. (1) is a general statement stating that the gods of heaven and earth should be worshiped by the Jingikan without fail, and (2) to (9) list 19 annual festivals that should be performed by the Jingikan: Inori-nen in February, Chinka in March, Kamigoromo, Daiki, Saegusa, and Fuujin in April, Tsuki-nami, Chinka, and Dokyo in June, Daiki and Fuujin in July, Kamigoromo and Kanname in September, Aioname, Chinkon, and Daijo in November, and Tsuki-nami, Chinka, and Dokyo in December. Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information |
律令の中で神祇信仰にもとづく公的な祭祀の基本を定めた部分をいう。日本で最初に編纂された令である近江令,それにつぐ飛鳥浄御原令にも神祇に関する部分はあったと考えられるが,現在神祇令として知ることのできるものは,大宝令を受けついだ養老令の注釈書《令義解》によるものである。養老令では,全編のはじめに並ぶ官位・職員に関する5編についで,第6に神祇令が置かれ,僧尼令,戸令と続いている。神祇令は20条から成るが,(1)は天神地祇は神祇官が欠かすことなくまつるべきであるとする総記で,(2)~(9)は,2月の祈年,3月の鎮花,4月の神衣・大忌・三枝・風神,6月の月次・鎮火・道饗,7月の大忌・風神,9月の神衣・神嘗,11月の相嘗・鎮魂・大嘗,12月の月次・鎮火・道饗という年間19の祭りを,神祇官が行うべきものとしてあげている。
出典 株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について 情報 |
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