(1) Gyula the Great (1823-1890) Hungarian politician and count. Born March 8th. In the revolutionary movement he supported first István Széchenyi (1791-1860) and then Kossuth. During the War of Independence of 1848-1849 he was active as a governor, officer and diplomat. After defeat he lived in exile in London and Paris. In 1858 he was granted amnesty and returned to Austria, where he contributed to the signing of the Austro-Hungarian Treaty of Peace under Ferencz Deák (1803-1876), which established the Austro-Hungarian Empire. In February 1867 he became Prime Minister of the independent Hungarian government that had ceased to exist since 1849. From 1871 to 1879 he was Foreign Minister of the Dual Kingdom of Austria-Hungary. During his term, he achieved the Alliance of the Three Emperors (1873), the occupation of Bosnia and Herzegovina (1878), and the German-Austrian Alliance (1879). He died on February 18, 1890. (2) Gyula the Younger (1860-1929), son of (1). A politician who consistently supported the royalists, he participated in the royalist coup of 1921. [Ieda Osamu] [References] | |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
(1)「大」Gyula(1823―1890) ハンガリーの政治家。伯爵。3月8日生まれ。革命運動で初めセーチェーニIstván Széchenyi(1791―1860)を、のちコシュートを支持。1848~1849年の独立戦争では知事、将校、外交官として活躍した。敗北後、ロンドン、パリで亡命生活。1858年に特赦を得て帰国し、デアークDeák Ferencz(1803―1876)のもとでオーストリア・ハンガリー帝国を成立させたアウスグライヒ(和協)締結に貢献した。1867年2月には、1849年以後とだえていたハンガリー独自の政府の首相となった。1871年から1879年までオーストリア・ハンガリー二重王国の外相。在任中、三帝同盟(1873)、ボスニア・ヘルツェゴビナ占領(1878)、ドイツ・オーストリア同盟(1879)を実現させた。1890年2月18日没。 (2)「小」Gyula(1860―1929) (1)の子。一貫して王党派の側にたった政治家で、1921年の王党派クーデターにも参加した。 [家田 修] [参照項目] | |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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