Police officers may stop and question anyone who, judging from abnormal behavior or other circumstances around them, has reasonable grounds to suspect that he or she is about to commit a crime, or who is deemed to have knowledge of a crime that has already been committed or is about to be committed (Article 2 of the Police Duties Execution Law). This questioning is called police questioning. Police questioning is voluntary and based on the consent of the other party, and does not have the power of coercion. It is not permitted to detain the other party, take them against their will, or force them to answer questions. However, a request to stop to a certain extent, that is, a request to make the other party intend to stop, such as simply placing a hand on a part of the body to call attention or encourage a change of will, is permitted as long as it does not amount to coercion, and it is interpreted as lawful if the method is generally considered appropriate. [Yukio Ishikawa] [Reference] |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
警察官は、異常な挙動その他周囲の事情から合理的に判断して、なんらかの犯罪を犯し、もしくは犯そうとしていると疑うに足りる相当な理由のある者、または、すでに行われた犯罪について、もしくは犯罪が行われようとしていることについて知っていると認められる者を、停止させて質問することができる(警察官職務執行法2条)。この質問を職務質問という。職務質問は、相手方の同意に基づく任意のものであり、強制権はなく、身柄を拘束したり、相手方の意思に反して連行したり、答弁を強要することは許されない。しかし、ある程度の停止の要求、すなわち、相手方に停止しようという意思をもたせようとする程度の要求で、注意を促したり、意思の変更を促すために、単に身体の一部に手をかける程度のことは、強制にわたらない限り許され、その方法が一般的にみて妥当であると認められる程度のものは適法と解されている。 [石川幸夫] [参照項目] |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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