A monogram (combination of letters) meaning Christ. It is a combination of the first two letters of the Greek word ΧΡΙΣΤΟΣ (Christos), Χ (chi) and Ρ (rho), and takes various forms. In 312, Emperor Constantine the Great was told in a dream that he had this monogram on his labarum (military standard) and won the battle against Maxentius. It was widely used as a symbolic representation of the victorious Christ, mainly in the early Christian period until the Middle Ages, accompanied by Α (alpha) and Ω (omega) or incorporated into a circle (Figure). Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information |
キリストを意味するモノグラム(組合せ文字)。ギリシア語のΧΡΙΣΤΟΣ(クリストス)の最初の2文字Χ(キー)とΡ(ロー)を組み合わせたもので,さまざまな形をとる。312年,コンスタンティヌス大帝は夢に告知を受けて,このモノグラムをラバルム(軍旗)に掲げ,マクセンティウスとの戦いに勝利をえたという。Α(アルファ)とΩ(オメガ)を伴ったり,円輪に組みこまれるなどして,勝利のキリストの象徴的表現として,初期キリスト教時代を中心に中世まで広く用いられた(図)。
出典 株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について 情報 |
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