Jogashima

Japanese: 城ヶ島 - じょうがしま

An island at the southern end of the Miura Peninsula in the southeast of Kanagawa Prefecture. It belongs to Miura City. It is 1.8 km east to west, 200 to 300 m north to south, with a circumference of about 4 km, and an area of 0.99 square kilometers. In 1808 (Bunka 5), the Uraga Magistrate built a battery at Awazaki on the eastern end to guard Edo (Tokyo) Bay, and until the end of World War II, the area was a fortress with a naval battery. It became famous overnight after Kitahara Hakushu wrote a poem about the scenery here, "Rain on Jogashima." The number of tourists has increased dramatically since the Jogashima Bridge was opened in 1960 (Showa 35), and it has become a tourist center on the Miura Peninsula along with Aburatsubo and Kannonzaki (Yokosuka City). The island is surrounded by reefs, forming a flat plateau, with steep cliffs and many sea caves. This area is also known for the habitat boundary between Sagami Bay and Uraga Strait for marine life (especially fish and shellfish), and for the fishing equipment that divides the area. The cliffs on the southern side are known as a habitat for Japanese cormorants (a prefectural natural monument) and black-crowned night herons, and the native daffodils bloom in January. There is a lighthouse at Cape Nagatoro on the western edge, and the surrounding area is a tourist hub with a concentration of hotels, restaurants and shops. The eastern part is the prefectural Jogashima Park, and there is a monument to Hakushu's poetry under the Jogashima Bridge. Buses run from Misakiguchi Station on the Keihin Kyuko Railway. Population 635 (2000).

[Yukio Asaka]

[Reference item] | Miura (city)

Horseback Cave Gate
A sea cave in the reef area south of Jogashima. It is about 8m high. It is said that small boats used to be able to pass under the arch, but it was raised by the Great Kanto Earthquake and became land. Nearby is the Cormorant Observatory where you can observe seabirds. Miura City, Kanagawa Prefecture © Miura City Board of Education ">

Horseback Cave Gate

Jogashima Bridge
A toll road that connects Jogashima, located at the southern tip of the Miura Peninsula, and Misaki. It is 575 meters long. Since its opening in 1960, the number of tourists to Jogashima has increased dramatically. Under the bridge on the Jogashima side, there is a monument to Hakushu, on which the lyrics of Kitahara Hakushu's "Rain on Jogashima" are inscribed. Miura City, Kanagawa Prefecture © Miura City Board of Education ">

Jogashima Bridge

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

神奈川県南東部、三浦半島の南端にある島。三浦市に属する。東西1.8キロメートル、南北200～300メートル、周囲約4キロメートル、面積0.99平方キロメートル。1808年（文化5）浦賀奉行(うらがぶぎょう)が江戸（東京）湾警備のため、東端の安房(あわ)崎に砲台を築き、また第二次世界大戦終了まで海軍の砲台があって要塞(ようさい)地帯となっていた。北原白秋の『城ヶ島の雨』の詩でここの風光が歌われてから一躍有名になった。1960年（昭和35）城ヶ島大橋が開通してから観光客が急増し、油壺(あぶらつぼ)、観音(かんのん)崎（横須賀(よこすか)市）とともに三浦半島観光の中心地となっている。島は岩礁で巡らされ、平らな台地状地形をなし、周りは切り立った崖(がけ)になり、海食洞も多い。ここはまた海の生物（とくに魚と貝類）からは相模湾(さがみわん)と浦賀水道との生息境界帯をなし、漁労用具がまた分界をなすことでも知られる。南側の崖はウミウ（県指定天然記念物）やクロサギの生息地として知られ、自生のスイセンは1月に開花する。西端の長津呂(ながとろ)崎には灯台があり、付近はホテル、食堂、売店が集中し観光拠点となっている。東部は県立城ヶ島公園になっており、また城ヶ島大橋の下に白秋詩碑がある。京浜急行電鉄三崎口駅からバスが通じる。人口635（2000）。

［浅香幸雄］

[参照項目] | 三浦（市）

馬の背洞門
城ヶ島南部の岩礁地帯にある海食洞門。高さ約8m。以前はアーチの下を小舟が通り抜けられたといわれるが、関東大震災で隆起して陸地となった。近くには海鳥が観察できるウミウ展望台がある。神奈川県三浦市©三浦市教育委員会">

馬の背洞門

城ヶ島大橋
三浦半島南端に位置する城ヶ島と三崎を結ぶ有料道路。全長575m。1960年（昭和35）の開通によって城ヶ島への観光客が急増した。城ヶ島側の橋下には白秋碑が建ち、北原白秋の『城ヶ島の雨』の歌詞が刻まれている。神奈川県三浦市©三浦市教育委員会">

城ヶ島大橋

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