It is about people enjoying sports activities throughout their lives, improving their health, and enriching their lives through sports. It is generally interpreted from two perspectives: (1) a person continuing to enjoy sports throughout their life, and (2) everyone from young children to the elderly becoming familiar with sports. The impetus for lifelong sports to be emphasized in the international community was the Sports for All movement, a movement to popularize sports that gained momentum in Europe in the 1960s. As a result, the UNESCO (United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization) Declaration on Sport was issued in 1968, and the European Congress on Sport recommended the adoption of the Charter for Sport for All in 1975. This was followed in 1976 by the first UNESCO Conference of Youth Physical Education and Sport Ministers, which emphasized the need to provide opportunities for sport to all. This drew attention to the right to lifelong sports that everyone, from young children to the elderly and physically disabled, could participate in and enjoy. In Japan, the Basic Plan for the Promotion of Sports was formulated in 2000 (Heisei 12) based on the provisions of the Sports Promotion Law. The aim was to "realize a lifelong sports society in which all citizens can enjoy sports anytime, anywhere, and forever according to their physical strength, age, skill, interests and goals," and the target was for 50% of adults to participate in sports at least once a week. In 2012, the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology formulated policy goals for the next five years, and set a goal of further developing a lifelong sports society, aiming for 65% of adults to participate in sports at least once a week, of which 30% to participate three or more times a week, while also aiming to reduce the number of people who do not participate in sports at all in a year to close to zero. In addition, regarding children's physical strength, it was stated that opportunities for sports will be expanded to exceed the level of around 1985 (Showa 60) within the next 10 years. Prior to the implementation of such sports promotion policies, the Lifelong Sports Division (currently the Sports Promotion Division of the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology's Sports and Youth Bureau) was established in the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology's Sports Bureau in 1988, and has promoted the development of comprehensive regional sports clubs that provide venues for sports activities and the development of their personnel. In addition, the National Sports and Recreation Festival and the awards ceremony for lifetime sports contributors have been held. [Editorial Department] Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
人が生涯にわたってスポーツ活動を楽しみながら健康増進を図るとともに、スポーツを通して人生を豊かなものにすること。一般的な解釈として、(1)自己が生涯に継続してスポーツを楽しむこと、(2)幼児から高齢者までのあらゆる人たちがスポーツに親しむこと、という二つの視点でとらえられる。 生涯スポーツが国際社会で強調されるようになったきっかけは、1960年代にヨーロッパで高まったスポーツの大衆化運動、スポーツ・フォー・オールSports for All運動である。その結果、1968年のユネスコ(国連教育科学文化機関)のスポーツ宣言や、1975年のスポーツのヨーロッパ会議における「みんなのスポーツ憲章」の採択勧告が行われ、続く1976年には、ユネスコの第1回青少年体育・スポーツ担当相会議において、すべての人々に対してスポーツの機会を提供することの必要性が強調された。これにより幼児から高齢者、身体障害者を含めて参加し、楽しむことができる生涯スポーツの権利に注目が集まるようになった。 日本ではスポーツ振興法の規定に基づき、スポーツ振興基本計画が2000年(平成12)に策定された。「国民の誰もが、それぞれの体力や年齢、技術、興味・目的に応じて、いつでも、どこでも、いつまでもスポーツに親しむことができる生涯スポーツ社会を実現する」ことを目ざし、成人の週1回以上のスポーツ実施率が50%になることが目標であった。2012年に文部科学省が今後5年間の政策目標を策定したスポーツ基本計画では、さらなる生涯スポーツ社会の整備を掲げ、成人の週1回以上のスポーツ実施率が65%程度、そのうち週3回以上の人が30%となることを目ざす一方、1年間に一度もスポーツをしない未実施者がゼロに近づくことが目標とされた。また、子供の体力に関しては、今後10年以内に1985年(昭和60)ごろの水準を上回るようにスポーツ機会を充実することが掲げられている。 このようなスポーツ振興政策の実施に先だち、1988年度に当時の文部省体育局に生涯スポーツ課(現、文部科学省スポーツ・青少年局スポーツ振興課)が設置され、スポーツ活動の場となる総合型地域スポーツクラブやその人材の育成が進められてきた。また、全国スポーツ・レクリエーション祭や生涯スポーツ功労者の表彰などの事業が実施されている。 [編集部] 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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