Physical and chemical methods are used to create a sterile state. Physical sterilization methods include dry heat sterilization, which involves holding the material in dry air at 160°C for more than 30 minutes, intermittent sterilization, which involves heating for 30 minutes in saturated steam at 100°C for three days, and pressure sterilization, which involves heating for 20 minutes in saturated steam at 2 atmospheres (121°C). Chemical sterilization is mainly used to disinfect rubber or plastic instruments, catheters, and other items that may deteriorate when heated, and gas sterilization using liquefied diethylene oxide gas is commonly used. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
無菌状態にすることで,物理的方法と化学的方法が用いられる。物理的滅菌法には,160℃の乾燥した空気中に 30分以上保持する乾熱滅菌法,100℃の飽和水蒸気での 30分加熱を3日間繰返す間欠滅菌法,2気圧の飽和水蒸気 (121℃) で 20分間加熱する加圧滅菌法などがある。化学的滅菌法はおもにゴム製やプラスチック製の器具,カテーテルなど加熱すると変質するおそれのあるものを消毒するために用いられ,液化ジエチレンオキサイドガスによるガス滅菌が一般的。
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