A patriotic activist in the final days of the Korean Empire (1897-1910, abbreviated as Korea). Born in Haeju, South Hwanghae Province, North Korea. His courtesy name was Unchil. He was known as an expert marksman from an early age. In 1894, during the Gabo Peasant War (Donghak Rebellion) that broke out in southern Korea, he accompanied his father in suppressing the peasant army. In 1895, he was baptized as a Christian (his baptismal name was Thomas). In 1905 (Meiji 38), the Second Japan-Korea Treaty (Eulsa Protectorate Treaty) was concluded, which transferred Korea's diplomatic rights to Japan and made Korea a Japanese protectorate. When Ito Hirobumi became the first Resident-General, An Jung-geun went to Shanghai in China to search for a way to save the country. After returning to Korea in 1906, he established Samheung School in Jinnampo and engaged in the patriotic enlightenment movement, a movement to save the country through education. In 1907, when the Hague Secret Emissary Incident occurred, in which Emperor Gojong sent a secret emissary to the Peace Conference held in The Hague, Netherlands, Ito forced Emperor Gojong to abdicate and installed Emperor Sunjong. Furthermore, the Third Japan-Korea Treaty (Jeongmi Treaty) was signed, giving Japan control of the domestic political power in Korea, and the Korean army was disbanded. In this situation, An Jung-geun fled to Vladivostok, Russia, where he organized a volunteer army to resist Japan. In May 1909, Ito retired as Resident-General of Korea and became President of the Privy Council. An Jung-geun, who had received information that Ito was to meet with Russian Finance Minister Vladimir Nikolayevich Kokovtsov (1853-1943) in Harbin, Manchuria (present-day northeastern China) to discuss the Manchurian and Korean issues, shot and killed Ito on October 26, 1909, when he got off the train at Harbin Station after the meeting. He was then arrested by Russian authorities on the spot, handed over to Japanese judicial authorities, and imprisoned in Port Arthur Prison in the Kwantung Leased Territory. An claimed that the reason for his murder was that Ito was "the root cause of the usurpation of Korea's sovereignty" and "a disturber of peace in the East." While in prison, he wrote "A Treatise on Oriental Peace" but left it unfinished. He was sentenced to death by the Kwantung Governor's District Court in Port Arthur on February 14, 1910, and the sentence was carried out on March 26 of the same year at Port Arthur Prison. [Takei Hajime] [References] | | | | |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
大韓帝国(1897~1910。略称、韓国)末期の愛国運動家。現在の北朝鮮黄海南道(こうかいなんどう/ファンヘナムド)海州(かいしゅう/ヘーチュ)出身。字(あざな)は応七(ウンチル)。幼いころから射撃の名手として知られた。1894年、韓国南部で発生した甲午(こうご)農民戦争(東学党の乱)で、父親に従って農民軍の鎮圧に従事。1895年、キリスト教の洗礼を受けた(洗礼名はトーマス)。1905年(明治38)、韓国の外交権を日本に移して韓国を日本の保護国とする第二次日韓協約(乙巳(いっし)保護条約)が締結され、伊藤博文(ひろぶみ)が初代統監に就任すると、安重根は救国の方法を探るために、清国の上海(シャンハイ)に行った。1906年に帰国後は、鎮南浦(ちんなんぽ/チンナムポ)で三興学校を設立するなど、教育活動を通じた救国運動である愛国啓蒙(けいもう)運動に従事した。1907年、高宗(こうそう)皇帝がオランダのハーグで開かれた平和会議に密使を送ったハーグ密使事件が起きると、伊藤は高宗皇帝を退位させ、純宗(じゅんそう)皇帝を即位させた。さらに、韓国の内政権を日本が掌握する第三次日韓協約(丁未(ていび)約条)が締結され、韓国軍は解散させられた。このような状況のなか、安重根はロシアのウラジオストクに亡命、そこで日本に抵抗する義兵活動を行った。1909年5月、伊藤は韓国統監を退き、枢密院議長となった。伊藤が、満州(現在の中国東北地方)のハルビンでロシアの蔵相ココーフツォフVladimir Nikolayevich Kokovtsov(1853―1943)と満州・朝鮮問題について会談するとの情報を得た安重根は、1909年10月26日、列車内での会談を終えてハルビン駅のプラットホームに降りた伊藤を狙撃、射殺した。そしてその場でロシア官憲に逮捕されて、日本の司法当局に引き渡され、関東州の旅順(りょじゅん/リュイシュン)監獄に収監された。殺害理由については、伊藤を「大韓独立主権を侵奪した元凶」であり、「東洋平和を乱す者」だからと主張した。獄中で『東洋平和論』を執筆したが未完に終わった。1910年2月14日、旅順の関東都督府地方法院にて死刑が言い渡され、同年3月26日、旅順監獄で刑の執行がなされた。 [武井 一] [参照項目] | | | | |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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