Archduke Stephen (English spelling) Ştefan cel Mare

Japanese: シュテファン[大公]（英語表記）Ştefan cel Mare

?-1504
Prince of Moldova. Reigned 1457-1504. Also known as Stephen III. Son of Bogdan II. Moldova was located on a key route for East-West trade, and customs revenues made up a large part of the state treasury. He gave special privileges to traders in Brasov, Bistrica, and other areas, and also protected minor nobles, craftsmen, and free peasants, thereby suppressing the power of the great nobles who were trying to turn them into feudal lords. The peasants, who maintained free communities, supported the prince and became his main fighting force. At that time, the Ottoman Empire, which was aiming to dominate all of Southeast Europe, became the suzerain of Wallachia, and Hungary and Poland also threatened Moldova, so he countered them by forming alliances with Hungary, Poland, Bohemia, Venice, and Russia at various times.

Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information

Japanese:

？‐1504
モルドバの公。在位1457‐1504年。シュテファン3世ともよばれる。ボグダン2世の子。モルドバは東西貿易の要路にあり，関税収入は国庫の重要部分を占めていたが，彼はブラショブ，ビストリツァ等の貿易商人に特権を与え，また小貴族，手工業者，自由農民を保護して，領主化を図る大貴族の勢力を抑えた。自由な共同体を保持していた農民は，公を支持してその主要な戦力となった。当時東南ヨーロッパ全域の支配をめざしていたオスマン帝国はワラキアの宗主国となり，またハンガリー，ポーランドもモルドバを脅かしていたので，彼は随時ハンガリー，ポーランド，ボヘミア，ベネチア，ロシアと同盟関係を結んでこれに対抗した。

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