A representative German composer of the 17th century. Born in Köstritz near Gera in Thuringia, he studied in Venice in 1609, learning polyphony and madrigal techniques from G. Gabrieli. In 1617, he was invited by the Elector of Saxony to become the court conductor in Dresden, a position he held for the rest of his musical career. The fruits of his studies in Venice were established in works such as the Psalms of David (1619), which are in a mixed vocal style, and The Story of the Resurrection of Christ (1623), which announced the birth of the German oratorio, and formed the foundations of German Protestant music. In 1628-1629, he traveled to Italy again, where he came into contact with the dramatic music of Monteverdi. This experience crystallized in brilliant works such as the first series of Symphonies Sacrées (1629), but the operation of the orchestra was in danger in Saxony, which became a fierce battlefield during the Thirty Years' War (1618-1648). In the year that the war ended, he published a collection of religious choral pieces, Geistliche Kor Musik. After that, in his later years of maturity, he wrote works such as St. Luke Passion (c. 1653), Christmas Oratorio (1660), St. John Passion (c. 1665), St. Matthew Passion (1666), and Magnificat in German (1671). His great achievement of building the foundation of German Baroque music in the midst of the Thirty Years' War was eventually succeeded by JS Bach. → Schein/Hussler → Related topics Opitz | Christian music | Passion | Buxtehude | Boulanger | Praetorius | RequiemSchutz→ Related article Garfinkel | Burger Source : Heibonsha Encyclopedia About MyPedia Information |
17世紀のドイツを代表する作曲家。チューリンゲン地方ゲーラ近くのケストリッツに生まれる。1609年にベネチアに留学しG.ガブリエリからポリフォニーとマドリガルの技法を学ぶ。1617年にはザクセン選帝侯に招かれてドレスデンの宮廷楽長となり,以後,終生この地位にあって音楽活動を続けた。ベネチア留学の成果は,複合唱様式の《ダビデの詩篇歌集》(1619年),ドイツ・オラトリオの誕生を告げる《キリスト復活の物語》(1623年)などに定着され,ドイツ・プロテスタント音楽の基礎が形づくられた。1628年−1629年再びイタリアに赴き,モンテベルディの劇音楽にふれる。この体験は《シンフォニエ・サクレ》第1集(1629年)などの輝きにあふれた作品に結晶するが,三十年戦争(1618年−1648年)の激しい戦場と化したザクセンで楽団の運営は危機に瀕(ひん)した。戦争終結の年,宗教合唱曲集《ガイストリッヒェ・コーア・ムジーク》を出版。以後,晩年の円熟期に入り,《ルカ受難曲》(1653年ころ),《クリスマス・オラトリオ》(1660年),《ヨハネ受難曲》(1665年ころ),《マタイ受難曲》(1666年),《ドイツ語によるマニフィカト》(1671年)などが書き継がれた。三十年戦争の渦中にあってドイツ・バロック音楽の礎を築いたその偉大な業績は,やがてJ.S.バッハによって引き継がれることになる。→シャイン/ハスラー →関連項目オーピッツ|キリスト教音楽|受難曲|ブクステフーデ|ブーランジェ|プレトリウス|レクイエム シュッツ→関連項目ガーフィンケル|バーガー 出典 株式会社平凡社百科事典マイペディアについて 情報 |
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