Pilgrims visiting Jerusalem have long worshipped Jesus Christ, tracing his path from Pilate's palace, where his trial took place. Visual representations of the procession are also found in the reliefs of Chartres Cathedral (13th century). However, since the 14th century, when the Franciscan Order began to use this method of worship in churches, 14 scenes from the sentence of death to the burial of Jesus were depicted in churches. Believers meditated on each scene. It was not until the 15th century that the complete 14 scenes were created, including the sentence of death, the taking up of the cross, the fall, the encounter with the Virgin Mary, Simon's help, St. Veronica wiping Jesus' face, the second fall, the consolation of the Jerusalem woman, the third fall, the stripping of his clothes, the crucifixion, his death on the cross, the descent from the cross, and the burial, as seen in a 15th century copperplate engraving by Dürer. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
イエス・キリストの裁判の行われたピラトの総督邸からイエスの受難の道をたどる礼拝は,エルサレムを訪れる巡礼者たちによって古くから実際に行われていた。またこれらの一連の道行きの場面を視覚的に表現したものはシャルトル聖堂浮彫 (13世紀) にもみられるが,14世紀以来聖フランシスコ修道会によってこの礼拝方法が聖堂内での信心に用いられはじめて以来,イエスへの死刑宣告から埋葬にいたる各場面が 14図として聖堂内に図示されるようになった。信者たちはそのひとつひとつの場面を見て黙想した。死刑宣言,十字架を荷い,転倒,聖母との出会い,シモンの助け,聖ベロニカイエスの顔を拭い,2度目の転倒,エルサレムの女への慰め,3度目の転倒,衣をはがれ,十字架への磔刑,十字架上での絶命,降架,埋葬から成る 14図が完全に形を整えるのは 15世紀以後であり,15世紀デューラーの銅版画にみられる。
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