British economic historian. He studied religious philosophy at Cardiff University and Oxford University, and in 1898 he went to Germany to study economic history, where he was influenced by the new school of history led by Schmoller. He lectured on economic history at the London School and the University of Edinburgh, and wrote such books as The Industrial Structure of the Sixteenth and Seventeenth Centuries (1904) and The Guilds and Companies of London (1908). In 1910 he was invited to Manchester University to become the first professor of economic history in the UK. His research covers a wide range of subjects, from medieval cities and early modern industrial structures to the Industrial Revolution, but is characterized by his emphasis on the importance of free economic activity by individual companies and various organizations in the development of the economy. He also made great efforts to train researchers, and produced such excellent economic historians as Ashton and Wadsworth. In addition to the above-mentioned book, his main works include Samuel Oldnow and the Arkwrights (1924). [Nemoto Hisao] [References] | |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
イギリスの経済史家。苦学しながらカージフ大学、オックスフォード大学で宗教哲学を学び、1898年にはドイツに留学してシュモラーを中心とする新歴史学派の影響を受け、経済史の研究に入った。ロンドン・スクール、エジンバラ大学で経済史を講じ、『16、17世紀の産業構造』(1904)、『ロンドンのギルドとカンパニー』(1908)などを著した。1910年マンチェスター大学に招かれてイギリスで最初の経済史教授となった。彼の研究は、中世都市、近代初頭の産業構造および産業革命まで広い範囲にわたるが、経済の発展における個人企業ないし各種団体の自由な経済活動の意義を強調した点に特徴がみいだされる。研究者の育成にも大いに努め、アシュトンやウォズワースなど優れた経済史家を生んだ。主著として前掲書のほかに『サミュエル・オルドノウとアークライト家の人々』(1924)がある。 [根本久雄] [参照項目] | |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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