Mindanao [island] - Mindanao

Japanese: ミンダナオ[島] - ミンダナオ

A large island in the southeastern Philippines. It is the second largest in the Philippines. It is mountainous and has many volcanoes. The highest point is Mount Apo. The coastline is rich in inlets and inlets. It has a hot and humid tropical climate and produces teak and lauan wood (for Japan), rice, coconut palms, bananas, and Manila hemp. It is also rich in minerals, and the Surigao Iron Mine is famous. It also has steel and chemical industries. The inhabitants were originally Muslim peoples collectively known as Moros (Maranao, Maguindanao, etc.) and mountain peoples. In the 16th century, the Islamic state of Maguindanao was established in the Pulagi River basin and maintained its independence against Spanish invasion, but in the 20th century it came under American rule. After that, large numbers of Christians were settled there, and Muslims became a minority and their uniqueness was denied. Since the 1970s, armed struggles for the independence of Mindanao and the Sulu Archipelago have been waged by the Moro National Liberation Front (MNLF) and the Moro Islamic Liberation Front (MILF), resulting in a civil war. In the 1990s, peace mediation was attempted, but no progress was seen. However, President Benigno Noynoy Aquino, who took office in 2010, actively pursued peace negotiations with the MILF, and succeeded in signing a comprehensive peace agreement in March 2014, bringing about an end to the armed conflict that had continued for more than 40 years. In December 2014, a super typhoon hit the country, causing great damage, with 1,067 people killed and 834 missing (as of December 25, 2014), and banana plantations and villages devastated. The capital is Davao. 94,630 ^km2 . 14.22 million people (1990).
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Source : Heibonsha Encyclopedia About MyPedia Information

Japanese:

フィリピン南東部の大島。フィリピン諸島中第２の面積をもつ。山がちで火山も多い。最高点はアポ山。海岸線は出入に富む。高温多湿の熱帯性気候でチーク・ラワン材（日本向け），米，ココヤシ，バナナ，マニラ麻を産する。鉱産物も多く，スリガオ鉄山は有名。製鉄，化学工業もある。住民は元来，モロと総称されるイスラム教徒諸民族（マラナオ人，マギンダナオ人など）と，山岳諸民族であった。16世紀にはプラギ川流域にイスラム国家マギンダナオ王国が成立し，スペインの侵略に抗して独立を守ったが，20世紀に入ると米国の支配に服した。その後キリスト教徒の大量入植が行われ，イスラム教徒は少数派となって自らの独自性を否定された。1970年代以降，ミンダナオ島とスールー諸島の独立を求める武装闘争がモロ民族解放戦線（MNLF），モロ・イスラム解放戦線（MILF）などによって展開され，内戦となった。1990年代に入って和平調停が行われていたが進展は見られなかった。しかし，2010年に就任したベニグノ・ノイノイ・アキノ大統領がMILFと積極的に和平交渉を進め，14年３月包括的和平合意書の調印に成功，40年以上に渡って続いた武力紛争に終結の見通しがつけられた。14年12月に巨大台風に襲われ，死者1067人，行方不明者834人（14年12月25日現在），バナナ農場や集落が壊滅的打撃を受けるという大きな被害が出ている。主都はダバオ。９万4630km²。1422万人（1990）。
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